Method and device for performing sl transmission in nr v2x

ABSTRACT

A method for performing wireless communication by a first device and a device for supporting same are provided. The method comprises the steps of: mapping first sidelink control information (SCI) onto a resource related to a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); mapping a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS) onto a resource related to a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), on the basis of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH; mapping second SCI onto a resource onto which the PT-RS is not mapped, among resources related to the PSSCH; and transmitting the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS to a second device, wherein the second SCI is not mapped onto a resource onto which the PT-RS is mapped.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE Field of the Disclosure

This disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

Related Art

Sidelink (SL) communication is a communication scheme in which a directlink is established between User Equipments (UEs) and the UEs exchangevoice and data directly with each other without intervention of anevolved Node B (eNB). SL communication is under consideration as asolution to the overhead of an eNB caused by rapidly increasing datatraffic.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) refers to a communication technology throughwhich a vehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, apedestrian, an object having an infrastructure (or infra) establishedtherein, and so on. The V2X may be divided into 4 types, such asvehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I),vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). The V2Xcommunication may be provided via a PC5 interface and/or Uu interface.

Meanwhile, as a wider range of communication devices require largercommunication capacities, the need for mobile broadband communicationthat is more enhanced than the existing Radio Access Technology (RAT) isrising. Accordingly, discussions are made on services and user equipment(UE) that are sensitive to reliability and latency. And, a nextgeneration radio access technology that is based on the enhanced mobilebroadband communication, massive Machine Type Communication (MTC),Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and so on, may bereferred to as a new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR).Herein, the NR may also support vehicle-to-everything (V2X)communication.

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR. Theembodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Regarding V2X communication, a scheme of providing a safety service,based on a V2X message such as Basic Safety Message (BSM), CooperativeAwareness Message (CAM), and Decentralized Environmental NotificationMessage (DENM) is focused in the discussion on the RAT used before theNR. The V2X message may include position information, dynamicinformation, attribute information, or the like. For example, a UE maytransmit a periodic message type CAM and/or an event triggered messagetype DENM to another UE.

For example, the CAM may include dynamic state information of thevehicle such as direction and speed, static data of the vehicle such asa size, and basic vehicle information such as an exterior illuminationstate, route details, or the like. For example, the UE may broadcast theCAM, and latency of the CAM may be less than 100 ms. For example, the UEmay generate the DENM and transmit it to another UE in an unexpectedsituation such as a vehicle breakdown, accident, or the like. Forexample, all vehicles within a transmission range of the UE may receivethe CAM and/or the DENM. In this case, the DENM may have a higherpriority than the CAM.

Thereafter, regarding V2X communication, various V2X scenarios areproposed in NR. For example, the various V2X scenarios may includevehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, remote driving,or the like.

For example, based on the vehicle platooning, vehicles may move togetherby dynamically forming a group. For example, in order to perform platoonoperations based on the vehicle platooning, the vehicles belonging tothe group may receive periodic data from a leading vehicle. For example,the vehicles belonging to the group may decrease or increase an intervalbetween the vehicles by using the periodic data.

For example, based on the advanced driving, the vehicle may besemi-automated or fully automated. For example, each vehicle may adjusttrajectories or maneuvers, based on data obtained from a local sensor ofa proximity vehicle and/or a proximity logical entity. In addition, forexample, each vehicle may share driving intention with proximityvehicles.

For example, based on the extended sensors, raw data, processed data, orlive video data obtained through the local sensors may be exchangedbetween a vehicle, a logical entity, a UE of pedestrians, and/or a V2Xapplication server. Therefore, for example, the vehicle may recognize amore improved environment than an environment in which a self-sensor isused for detection.

For example, based on the remote driving, for a person who cannot driveor a remote vehicle in a dangerous environment, a remote driver or a V2Xapplication may operate or control the remote vehicle. For example, if aroute is predictable such as public transportation, cloud computingbased driving may be used for the operation or control of the remotevehicle. In addition, for example, an access for a cloud-based back-endservice platform may be considered for the remote driving.

Meanwhile, a scheme of specifying service requirements for various V2Xscenarios such as vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extendedsensors, remote driving, or the like is discussed in NR-based V2Xcommunication.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE Technical Objects

Meanwhile, in SL communication, the UE needs to transmit a sidelinkcontrol information (SCI), a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS), ademodulation-reference signal (DM-RS), a channel stateinformation-reference signal (CSI-RS), etc. In this case, it isnecessary to propose a method for the UE to efficiently map and transmitthe SCI, the PT-RS, the DM-RS, the CSI-RS, etc. to resources and anapparatus supporting the same.

Technical Solutions

In one embodiment, a method for performing, by a first device, wirelesscommunication is provided. The method may comprise: mapping a firstsidelink control information (SCI) to a resource related to a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH); mapping, based on a cyclic redundancycheck (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS) to aresource related to a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH); mappinga second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mapped among theresource related to the PSSCH; and transmitting, to a second device, thefirst SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS, wherein the second SCI is notmapped to the resource to which the PT-RS is mapped.

In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wirelesscommunication is provided. The first device may comprise: one or morememories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; and one or moreprocessors connected to the one or more memories and the one or moretransceivers. The one or more processors may execute the instructionsto: map a first sidelink control information (SCI) to a resource relatedto a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); map, based on a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-reference signal(PT-RS) to a resource related to a physical sidelink shared channel(PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mappedamong the resource related to the PSSCH; and transmit, to a seconddevice, the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS, wherein the secondSCI is not mapped to the resource to which the PT-RS is mapped.

Effects of the Disclosure

The user equipment (UE) may efficiently perform SL communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a SL communication, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 11 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 12 shows a resource unit for CBR measurement, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 shows a method in which a UE that has reserved transmissionresource(s) informs another UE of the transmission resource(s), based onan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 shows a method for a UE to transmit the PT-RS, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 shows a method for a UE to map a PT-RS, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 shows a method for a first device to transmit a PT-RS, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 shows a method for a second device to transmit a PT-RS, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 shows a procedure in which a transmitting UE generates asequence related to SL information and transmits the SL information to areceiving UE.

FIG. 19 shows a method in which a first device generates a sequencerelated to SL information and transmits the SL information to a seconddevice based on the generated sequence, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 20 shows a method in which a first device generates a sequencerelated to feedback and transmits feedback information to a seconddevice based on the generated sequence, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 21 shows a method for a first device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 shows a method for a second device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 23 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 24 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 25 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 26 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 27 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 28 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

In the present disclosure, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B” or “bothA and B.” In other words, in the present disclosure, “A or B” may beinterpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, in the present disclosure, “A,B, or C” may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination ofA, B, C”.

A slash (/) or comma used in the present disclosure may mean “and/or”.For example, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean“only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean“A, B, or C”.

In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”,“only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present disclosure, theexpression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” maybe interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B, and C”may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B, andC”. In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B,and/or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C”.

In addition, a parenthesis used in the present disclosure may mean “forexample”. Specifically, when indicated as “control information (PDCCH)”,it may mean that “PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the “controlinformation”. In other words, the “control information” of the presentdisclosure is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDCCH” may be proposed as anexample of the “control information”. In addition, when indicated as“control information (i.e., PDCCH)”, it may also mean that “PDCCH” isproposed as an example of the “control information”.

A technical feature described individually in one figure in the presentdisclosure may be individually implemented, or may be simultaneouslyimplemented.

The technology described below may be used in various wirelesscommunication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA),frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access(TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), singlecarrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and so on. TheCDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as universalterrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. The TDMA may beimplemented with a radio technology, such as global system for mobilecommunications (GSM)/general packet ratio service (GPRS)/enhanced datarate for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA may be implemented with a radiotechnology, such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers(IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA(E-UTRA), and so on. IEEE 802.16m is an evolved version of IEEE 802.16eand provides backward compatibility with a system based on the IEEE802.16e. The UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunication system(UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution(LTE) is part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using the E-UTRA. The 3GPP LTEuses the OFDMA in a downlink and uses the SC-FDMA in an uplink.LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of the LTE.

5G NR is a successive technology of LTE-A corresponding to a newClean-slate type mobile communication system having the characteristicsof high performance, low latency, high availability, and so on. 5G NRmay use resources of all spectrum available for usage including lowfrequency bands of less than 1 GHz, middle frequency bands ranging from1 GHz to 10 GHz, high frequency (millimeter waves) of 24 GHz or more,and so on.

For clarity in the description, the following description will mostlyfocus on LTE-A or 5G NR. However, technical features according to anembodiment of the present disclosure will not be limited only to this.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a next generation-radio access network (NG-RAN)may include a BS 20 providing a UE 10 with a user plane and controlplane protocol termination. For example, the BS 20 may include a nextgeneration-Node B (gNB) and/or an evolved-NodeB (eNB). For example, theUE 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be referred to as other terms, suchas a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station(SS), a mobile terminal (MT), wireless device, and so on. For example,the BS may be referred to as a fixed station which communicates with theUE 10 and may be referred to as other terms, such as a base transceiversystem (BTS), an access point (AP), and so on.

The embodiment of FIG. 2 exemplifies a case where only the gNB isincluded. The BSs 20 may be connected to one another via Xn interface.The BS 20 may be connected to one another via 5th generation (5G) corenetwork (5GC) and NG interface. More specifically, the BSs 20 may beconnected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 viaNG-C interface, and may be connected to a user plane function (UPF) 30via NG-U interface.

FIG. 3 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the gNB may provide functions, such as Inter CellRadio Resource Management (RRM), Radio Bearer (RB) control, ConnectionMobility Control, Radio Admission Control, Measurement Configuration &Provision, Dynamic Resource Allocation, and so on. An AMF may providefunctions, such as Non Access Stratum (NAS) security, idle statemobility processing, and so on. AUPF may provide functions, such asMobility Anchoring, Protocol Data Unit (PDU) processing, and so on. ASession Management Function (SMF) may provide functions, such as userequipment (UE) Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation, PDU sessioncontrol, and so on.

Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network canbe classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a thirdlayer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open systeminterconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communicationsystem. Among them, a physical (PHY) layer belonging to the first layerprovides an information transfer service by using a physical channel,and a radio resource control (RRC) layer belonging to the third layerserves to control a radio resource between the UE and the network. Forthis, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message between the UE and the BS.

FIG. 4 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 4(a)shows a radio protocol architecture for a user plane, and FIG. 4(b)shows a radio protocol architecture for a control plane. The user planecorresponds to a protocol stack for user data transmission, and thecontrol plane corresponds to a protocol stack for control signaltransmission.

Referring to FIG. 4 , a physical layer provides an upper layer with aninformation transfer service through a physical channel. The physicallayer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer which is anupper layer of the physical layer through a transport channel. Data istransferred between the MAC layer and the physical layer through thetransport channel. The transport channel is classified according to howand with what characteristics data is transmitted through a radiointerface.

Between different physical layers, i.e., a physical layer of atransmitter and a physical layer of a receiver, data are transferredthrough the physical channel. The physical channel is modulated using anorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and utilizestime and frequency as a radio resource.

The MAC layer provides services to a radio link control (RLC) layer,which is a higher layer of the MAC layer, via a logical channel. The MAClayer provides a function of mapping multiple logical channels tomultiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides a function oflogical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to asingle transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transfer servicesover logical channels.

The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly ofRadio Link Control Service Data Unit (RLC SDU). In order to ensurediverse quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), theRLC layer provides three types of operation modes, i.e., a transparentmode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (AM).An AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request(ARQ).

A radio resource control (RRC) layer is defined only in the controlplane. The RRC layer serves to control the logical channel, thetransport channel, and the physical channel in association withconfiguration, reconfiguration and release of RBs. The RB is a logicalpath provided by the first layer (i.e., the physical layer or the PHYlayer) and the second layer (i.e., the MAC layer, the RLC layer, and thepacket data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer) for data delivery betweenthe UE and the network.

Functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer in the userplane include user data delivery, header compression, and ciphering.Functions of a PDCP layer in the control plane include control-planedata delivery and ciphering/integrity protection.

A service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in auser plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between a Quality of Service(QoS) flow and a data radio bearer (DRB) and QoS flow ID (QFI) markingin both DL and UL packets.

The configuration of the RB implies a process for specifying a radioprotocol layer and channel properties to provide a particular serviceand for determining respective detailed parameters and operations. TheRB can be classified into two types, i.e., a signaling RB (SRB) and adata RB (DRB). The SRB is used as a path for transmitting an RRC messagein the control plane. The DRB is used as a path for transmitting userdata in the user plane.

When an RRC connection is established between an RRC layer of the UE andan RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state, and,otherwise, the UE may be in an RRC_IDLE state. In case of the NR, anRRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a UE being in theRRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with a core networkwhereas its connection with the BS is released.

Data is transmitted from the network to the UE through a downlinktransport channel. Examples of the downlink transport channel include abroadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and adownlink-shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or controlmessages. Traffic of downlink multicast or broadcast services or thecontrol messages can be transmitted on the downlink-SCH or an additionaldownlink multicast channel (MCH). Data is transmitted from the UE to thenetwork through an uplink transport channel. Examples of the uplinktransport channel include a random access channel (RACH) fortransmitting an initial control message and an uplink SCH fortransmitting user traffic or control messages.

Examples of logical channels belonging to a higher channel of thetransport channel and mapped onto the transport channels include abroadcast channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a commoncontrol channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicasttraffic channel (MTCH), etc.

The physical channel includes several OFDM symbols in a time domain andseveral sub-carriers in a frequency domain. One sub-frame includes aplurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. A resource block is a unitof resource allocation, and consists of a plurality of OFDM symbols anda plurality of sub-carriers. Further, each subframe may use specificsub-carriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g., a first OFDM symbol) of acorresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH),i.e., an L1/L2 control channel. A transmission time interval (TTI) is aunit time of subframe transmission.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in the NR, a radio frame may be used forperforming uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a lengthof 10 ms and may be defined to be configured of two half-frames (HFs). Ahalf-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SFs). A subframe (SF) may bedivided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within asubframe may be determined based on subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slotmay include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

In case of using a normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols. In caseof using an extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. Herein, asymbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) and a SingleCarrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM(DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

Table 1 shown below represents an example of a number of symbols perslot (N^(slot) _(symb)), a number slots per frame (N^(frame,u) _(slot)),and a number of slots per subframe (N^(subframe,u) _(slot)) based on anSCS configuration (u), in a case where a normal CP is used.

TABLE 1 SCS (15*2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame,u) _(slot)N^(subframe,u) _(slot)  15 KHz (u = 0) 14 10  1  30 KHz (u = l) 14 20  2 60 KHz (u = 2) 14 40  4 120 KHz (u = 3) 14 80  8 240 KHz (u = 4) 14 16016

Table 2 shows an example of a number of symbols per slot, a number ofslots per frame, and a number of slots per subframe based on the SCS, ina case where an extended CP is used.

TABLE 2 SCS (15*2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot)N^(subframe, u) _(slot) 60 KHz (u = 2) 12 40 4

In an NR system, OFDM A numerologies e.g., SCS, CP length, and so onbetween multiple cells being integrate to one UE may be differentlyconfigured. Accordingly, a (absolute time) duration (or section) of atime resource (e.g., subframe, slot or TTI) (collectively referred to asa time unit (TU) for simplicity) being configured of the same number ofsymbols may be differently configured in the integrated cells.

In the NR, multiple numerologies or SCSs for supporting diverse 5Gservices may be supported. For example, in case an SCS is 15 kHz, a widearea of the conventional cellular bands may be supported, and, in casean SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz a dense-urban, lower latency, wider carrierbandwidth may be supported. In case the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, abandwidth that is greater than 24.25 GHz may be used in order toovercome phase noise.

An NR frequency band may be defined as two different types of frequencyranges. The two different types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2.The values of the frequency ranges may be changed (or varied), and, forexample, the two different types of frequency ranges may be as shownbelow in Table 3. Among the frequency ranges that are used in an NRsystem, FR1 may mean a “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 may mean an “above 6GHz range” and may also be referred to as a millimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 3 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency Subcarrier designationrange Spacing (SCS) FR1   450 MHz-6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As described above, the values of the frequency ranges in the NR systemmay be changed (or varied). For example, as shown below in Table 4, FR1may include a band within a range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. Morespecifically, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900,5925 MHz, and so on) and higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz(or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, and so on) and higher being included in FR1mat include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used fordiverse purposes, e.g., the unlicensed band for vehicle-specificcommunication (e.g., automated driving).

TABLE 4 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency Subcarrier designationrange Spacing (SCS) FR1   410 MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

FIG. 6 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 6 , a slot includes a plurality of symbols in a timedomain. For example, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12symbols. Alternatively, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6symbols.

A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. AResource Block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A BandwidthPart (BWP) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (Physical)Resource Blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and the BWP maycorrespond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on). Acarrier may include a maximum of N number BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Datacommunication may be performed via an activated BWP. Each element may bereferred to as a Resource Element (RE) within a resource grid and onecomplex symbol may be mapped to each element.

Meanwhile, a radio interface between a UE and another UE or a radiointerface between the UE and a network may consist of an L1 layer, an L2layer, and an L3 layer. In various embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the L1 layer may imply a physical layer. In addition, forexample, the L2 layer may imply at least one of a MAC layer, an RLClayer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer. In addition, for example, the L3layer may imply an RRC layer.

Hereinafter, a bandwidth part (BWP) and a carrier will be described.

The BWP may be a set of consecutive physical resource blocks (PRBs) in agiven numerology. The PRB may be selected from consecutive sub-sets ofcommon resource blocks (CRBs) for the given numerology on a givencarrier.

When using bandwidth adaptation (BA), a reception bandwidth andtransmission bandwidth of a UE are not necessarily as large as abandwidth of a cell, and the reception bandwidth and transmissionbandwidth of the BS may be adjusted. For example, a network/BS mayinform the UE of bandwidth adjustment. For example, the UE receiveinformation/configuration for bandwidth adjustment from the network/BS.In this case, the UE may perform bandwidth adjustment based on thereceived information/configuration. For example, the bandwidthadjustment may include an increase/decrease of the bandwidth, a positionchange of the bandwidth, or a change in subcarrier spacing of thebandwidth.

For example, the bandwidth may be decreased during a period in whichactivity is low to save power. For example, the position of thebandwidth may move in a frequency domain. For example, the position ofthe bandwidth may move in the frequency domain to increase schedulingflexibility. For example, the subcarrier spacing of the bandwidth may bechanged. For example, the subcarrier spacing of the bandwidth may bechanged to allow a different service. A subset of a total cell bandwidthof a cell may be called a bandwidth part (BWP). The BA may be performedwhen the BS/network configures the BWP to the UE and the BS/networkinforms the UE of the BWP currently in an active state among theconfigured BWPs.

For example, the BWP may be at least any one of an active BWP, aninitial BWP, and/or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitordownlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than an active DL BWP on aprimary cell (PCell). For example, the UE may not receive PDCCH,physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or channel stateinformation-reference signal (CSI-RS) (excluding RRM) outside the activeDL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger a channel state information(CSI) report for the inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may nottransmit physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) outside an active UL BWP. For example, in adownlink case, the initial BWP may be given as a consecutive RB set fora remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set(CORESET) (configured by physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). Forexample, in an uplink case, the initial BWP may be given by systeminformation block (SIB) for a random access procedure. For example, thedefault BWP may be configured by a higher layer. For example, an initialvalue of the default BWP may be an initial DL BWP. For energy saving, ifthe UE fails to detect downlink control information (DCI) during aspecific period, the UE may switch the active BWP of the UE to thedefault BWP.

Meanwhile, the BWP may be defined for SL. The same SL BWP may be used intransmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE may transmita SL channel or a SL signal on a specific BWP, and a receiving UE mayreceive the SL channel or the SL signal on the specific BWP. In alicensed carrier, the SL BWP may be defined separately from a Uu BWP,and the SL BWP may have configuration signaling separate from the UuBWP. For example, the UE may receive a configuration for the SL BWP fromthe BS/network. The SL BWP may be (pre-)configured in a carrier withrespect to an out-of-coverage NR V2X UE and an RRC_IDLE UE. For the UEin the RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP may be activated in thecarrier.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. It is assumed in the embodimentof FIG. 7 that the number of BWPs is 3.

Referring to FIG. 7 , a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrierresource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other endthereof. In addition, the PRB may be a resource block numbered withineach BWP. A point A may indicate a common reference point for a resourceblock grid.

The BWP may be configured by a point A, an offset N^(start) _(BWP) fromthe point A, and a bandwidth N^(size) _(BWP). For example, the point Amay be an external reference point of a PRB of a carrier in which asubcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by anetwork on that carrier) is aligned. For example, the offset may be aPRB interval between a lowest subcarrier and the point A in a givennumerology. For example, the bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in thegiven numerology.

Hereinafter, V2X or SL communication will be described.

FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a SL communication, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 maybe combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Morespecifically, FIG. 8(a) shows a user plane protocol stack, and FIG. 8(b)shows a control plane protocol stack.

Hereinafter, a sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) andsynchronization information will be described.

The SLSS may include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS)and a secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS), as a SL-specificsequence. The PSSS may be referred to as a sidelink primarysynchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as asidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example,length-127 M-sequences may be used for the S-PSS, and length-127 goldsequences may be used for the S-SSS. For example, a UE may use the S-PSSfor initial signal detection and for synchronization acquisition. Forexample, the UE may use the S-PSS and the S-SSS for acquisition ofdetailed synchronization and for detection of a synchronization signalID.

A physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) may be a (broadcast)channel for transmitting default (system) information which must befirst known by the UE before SL signal transmission/reception. Forexample, the default information may be information related to SLSS, aduplex mode (DM), a time division duplex (TDD) uplink/downlink (UL/DL)configuration, information related to a resource pool, a type of anapplication related to the SLSS, a subframe offset, broadcastinformation, or the like. For example, for evaluation of PSBCHperformance, in NR V2X, a payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bitsincluding 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

The S-PSS, the S-SSS, and the PSBCH may be included in a block format(e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS)/PSBCH block, hereinafter,sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB)) supporting periodicaltransmission. The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CPlength) as a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)/physical sidelinkshared channel (PSSCH) in a carrier, and a transmission bandwidth mayexist within a (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, theS-SSB may have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (RBs). For example, thePSBCH may exist across 11 RBs. In addition, a frequency position of theS-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Accordingly, the UE does not have toperform hypothesis detection at frequency to discover the S-SSB in thecarrier.

FIG. 9 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9 , in V2X or SL communication, the term ‘UE’ maygenerally imply a UE of a user. However, if a network equipment such asa BS transmits/receives a signal according to a communication schemebetween UEs, the BS may also be regarded as a sort of the UE. Forexample, a UE 1 may be a first apparatus 100, and a UE 2 may be a secondapparatus 200.

For example, the UE 1 may select a resource unit corresponding to aspecific resource in a resource pool which implies a set of series ofresources. In addition, the UE 1 may transmit a SL signal by using theresource unit. For example, a resource pool in which the UE 1 is capableof transmitting a signal may be configured to the UE 2 which is areceiving UE, and the signal of the UE 1 may be detected in the resourcepool.

Herein, if the UE 1 is within a connectivity range of the BS, the BS mayinform the UE 1 of the resource pool. Otherwise, if the UE 1 is out ofthe connectivity range of the BS, another UE may inform the UE 1 of theresource pool, or the UE 1 may use a pre-configured resource pool.

In general, the resource pool may be configured in unit of a pluralityof resources, and each UE may select a unit of one or a plurality ofresources to use it in SL signal transmission thereof.

Hereinafter, resource allocation in SL will be described.

FIG. 10 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. In various embodiments of thepresent disclosure, the transmission mode may be called a mode or aresource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation,in LTE, the transmission mode may be called an LTE transmission mode. InNR, the transmission mode may be called an NR resource allocation mode.

For example, FIG. 10(a) shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 1 or an LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 10(a) shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 1. For example, the LTE transmission mode 1 may beapplied to general SL communication, and the LTE transmission mode 3 maybe applied to V2X communication.

For example, FIG. 10(b) shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 2 or an LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 10(b) shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 2.

Referring to FIG. 10(a), in the LTE transmission mode 1, the LTEtransmission mode 3, or the NR resource allocation mode 1, a BS mayschedule a SL resource to be used by the UE for SL transmission. Forexample, the BS may perform resource scheduling to a UE 1 through aPDCCH (more specifically, downlink control information (DCI)), and theUE 1 may perform V2X or SL communication with respect to a UE 2according to the resource scheduling. For example, the UE 1 may transmita sidelink control information (SCI) to the UE 2 through a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH), and thereafter transmit data based onthe SCI to the UE 2 through a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

Referring to FIG. 10(b), in the LTE transmission mode 2, the LTEtransmission mode 4, or the NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE maydetermine a SL transmission resource within a SL resource configured bya BS/network or a pre-configured SL resource. For example, theconfigured SL resource or the pre-configured SL resource may be aresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select or schedule aresource for SL transmission. For example, the UE may perform SLcommunication by autonomously selecting a resource within a configuredresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select a resourcewithin a selective window by performing a sensing and resource(re)selection procedure. For example, the sensing may be performed inunit of subchannels. In addition, the UE 1 which has autonomouslyselected the resource within the resource pool may transmit the SCI tothe UE 2 through a PSCCH, and thereafter may transmit data based on theSCI to the UE 2 through a PSSCH.

FIG. 11 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 11(a) showsbroadcast-type SL communication, FIG. 11(b) shows unicast type-SLcommunication, and FIG. 11(c) shows groupcast-type SL communication. Incase of the unicast-type SL communication, a UE may perform one-to-onecommunication with respect to another UE. In case of the groupcast-typeSL transmission, the UE may perform SL communication with respect to oneor more UEs in a group to which the UE belongs. In various embodimentsof the present disclosure, SL groupcast communication may be replacedwith SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, or thelike.

Hereinafter, sidelink (SL) congestion control will be described.

If a UE autonomously determines an SL transmission resource, the UE alsoautonomously determines a size and frequency of use for a resource usedby the UE. Of course, due to a constraint from a network or the like, itmay be restricted to use a resource size or frequency of use, which isgreater than or equal to a specific level. However, if all UEs use arelatively great amount of resources in a situation where many UEs areconcentrated in a specific region at a specific time, overallperformance may significantly deteriorate due to mutual interference.

Accordingly, the UE may need to observe a channel situation. If it isdetermined that an excessively great amount of resources are consumed,it is preferable that the UE autonomously decreases the use ofresources. In the present disclosure, this may be defined as congestioncontrol (CR). For example, the UE may determine whether energy measuredin a unit time/frequency resource is greater than or equal to a specificlevel, and may adjust an amount and frequency of use for itstransmission resource based on a ratio of the unit time/frequencyresource in which the energy greater than or equal to the specific levelis observed. In the present disclosure, the ratio of the time/frequencyresource in which the energy greater than or equal to the specific levelis observed may be defined as a channel busy ratio (CBR). The UE maymeasure the CBR for a channel/frequency. Additionally, the UE maytransmit the measured CBR to the network/BS.

FIG. 12 shows a resource unit for CBR measurement, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 12 , CBR may denote the number of sub-channels inwhich a measurement result value of a received signal strength indicator(RSSI) has a value greater than or equal to a pre-configured thresholdas a result of measuring the RSSI by a UE on a sub-channel basis for aspecific period (e.g., 100 ms). Alternatively, the CBR may denote aratio of sub-channels having a value greater than or equal to apre-configured threshold among sub-channels for a specific duration. Forexample, in the embodiment of FIG. 12 , if it is assumed that a hatchedsub-channel is a sub-channel having a value greater than or equal to apre-configured threshold, the CBR may denote a ratio of the hatchedsub-channels for a period of 100 ms. Additionally, the UE may report theCBR to the BS.

Further, congestion control considering a priority of traffic (e.g.,packet) may be necessary. To this end, for example, the UE may measure achannel occupancy ratio (CR). Specifically, the UE may measure the CBR,and the UE may determine a maximum value CRlimitk of a channel occupancyratio k (CRk) that can be occupied by traffic corresponding to eachpriority (e.g., k) based on the CBR. For example, the UE may derive themaximum value CRlimitk of the channel occupancy ratio with respect to apriority of each traffic, based on a predetermined table of CBRmeasurement values. For example, in case of traffic having a relativelyhigh priority, the UE may derive a maximum value of a relatively greatchannel occupancy ratio. Thereafter, the UE may perform congestioncontrol by restricting a total sum of channel occupancy ratios oftraffic, of which a priority k is lower than i, to a value less than orequal to a specific value. Based on this method, the channel occupancyratio may be more strictly restricted for traffic having a relativelylow priority.

In addition thereto, the UE may perform SL congestion control by using amethod of adjusting a level of transmit power, dropping a packet,determining whether retransmission is to be performed, adjusting atransmission RB size (Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) coordination),or the like.

Hereinafter, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) procedure will bedescribed.

An error compensation scheme is used to secure communicationreliability. Examples of the error compensation scheme may include aforward error correction (FEC) scheme and an automatic repeat request(ARQ) scheme. In the FEC scheme, errors in a receiving end are correctedby attaching an extra error correction code to information bits. The FECscheme has an advantage in that time delay is small and no informationis additionally exchanged between a transmitting end and the receivingend but also has a disadvantage in that system efficiency deterioratesin a good channel environment. The ARQ scheme has an advantage in thattransmission reliability can be increased but also has a disadvantage inthat a time delay occurs and system efficiency deteriorates in a poorchannel environment.

A hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme is a combination of theFEC scheme and the ARQ scheme. In the HARQ scheme, it is determinedwhether an unrecoverable error is included in data received by aphysical layer, and retransmission is requested upon detecting theerror, thereby improving performance.

In case of SL unicast and groupcast, HARQ feedback and HARQ combining inthe physical layer may be supported. For example, when a receiving UEoperates in a resource allocation mode 1 or 2, the receiving UE mayreceive the PSSCH from a transmitting UE, and the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ feedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE by using asidelink feedback control information (SFCI) format through a physicalsidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

For example, the SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast. In thiscase, in a non-code block group (non-CBG) operation, if the receiving UEdecodes a PSCCH of which a target is the receiving UE and if thereceiving UE successfully decodes a transport block related to thePSCCH, the receiving UE may generate HARQ-ACK. In addition, thereceiving UE may transmit the HARQ-ACK to the transmitting UE.Otherwise, if the receiving UE cannot successfully decode the transportblock after decoding the PSCCH of which the target is the receiving UE,the receiving UE may generate the HARQ-NACK. In addition, the receivingUE may transmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE.

For example, the SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for groupcast. Forexample, in the non-CBG operation, two HARQ feedback options may besupported for groupcast.

(1) Groupcast option 1: After the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH ofwhich the target is the receiving UE, if the receiving UE fails indecoding of a transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE through a PSFCH. Otherwise, ifthe receiving UE decodes the PSCCH of which the target is the receivingUE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes the transport blockrelated to the PSCCH, the receiving UE may not transmit the HARQ-ACK tothe transmitting UE.

(2) Groupcast option 2: After the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH ofwhich the target is the receiving UE, if the receiving UE fails indecoding of the transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UEmay transmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE through the PSFCH. Inaddition, if the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH of which the target isthe receiving UE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes thetransport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UE may transmit theHARQ-ACK to the transmitting UE through the PSFCH.

For example, if the groupcast option 1 is used in the SL HARQ feedback,all UEs performing groupcast communication may share a PSFCH resource.For example, UEs belonging to the same group may transmit HARQ feedbackby using the same PSFCH resource.

For example, if the groupcast option 2 is used in the SL HARQ feedback,each UE performing groupcast communication may use a different PSFCHresource for HARQ feedback transmission. For example, UEs belonging tothe same group may transmit HARQ feedback by using different PSFCHresources.

For example, when the SL HARQ feedback is enabled for groupcast, thereceiving UE may determine whether to transmit the HARQ feedback to thetransmitting UE based on a transmission-reception (TX-RX) distanceand/or RSRP.

For example, in the groupcast option 1, in case of the TX-RXdistance-based HARQ feedback, if the TX-RX distance is less than orequal to a communication range requirement, the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ feedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE. Otherwise,if the TX-RX distance is greater than the communication rangerequirement, the receiving UE may not transmit the HARQ feedback for thePSSCH to the transmitting UE. For example, the transmitting UE mayinform the receiving UE of a location of the transmitting UE through SCIrelated to the PSSCH. For example, the SCI related to the PSSCH may besecond SCI. For example, the receiving UE may estimate or obtain theTX-RX distance based on a location of the receiving UE and the locationof the transmitting UE. For example, the receiving UE may decode the SCIrelated to the PSSCH and thus may know the communication rangerequirement used in the PSSCH.

For example, in case of the resource allocation mode 1, a time (offset)between the PSFCH and the PSSCH may be configured or pre-configured. Incase of unicast and groupcast, if retransmission is necessary on SL,this may be indicated to a BS by an in-coverage UE which uses the PUCCH.The transmitting UE may transmit an indication to a serving BS of thetransmitting UE in a form of scheduling request (SR)/buffer statusreport (BSR), not a form of HARQ ACK/NACK. In addition, even if the BSdoes not receive the indication, the BS may schedule an SLretransmission resource to the UE. For example, in case of the resourceallocation mode 2, a time (offset) between the PSFCH and the PSSCH maybe configured or pre-configured.

For example, from a perspective of UE transmission in a carrier, TDMbetween the PSCCH/PSSCH and the PSFCH may be allowed for a PSFCH formatfor SL in a slot. For example, a sequence-based PSFCH format having asingle symbol may be supported. Herein, the single symbol may not an AGCduration. For example, the sequence-based PSFCH format may be applied tounicast and groupcast.

For example, in a slot related to a resource pool, a PSFCH resource maybe configured periodically as N slot durations, or may bepre-configured. For example, N may be configured as one or more valuesgreater than or equal to 1. For example, N may be 1, 2, or 4. Forexample, HARQ feedback for transmission in a specific resource pool maybe transmitted only through a PSFCH on the specific resource pool.

For example, if the transmitting UE transmits the PSSCH to the receivingUE across a slot #X to a slot #N, the receiving UE may transmit HARQfeedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE in a slot #(N+A). Forexample, the slot #(N+A) may include a PSFCH resource. Herein, forexample, A may be a smallest integer greater than or equal to K. Forexample, K may be the number of logical slots. In this case, K may bethe number of slots in a resource pool. Alternatively, for example, Kmay be the number of physical slots. In this case, K may be the numberof slots inside or outside the resource pool.

For example, if the receiving UE transmits HARQ feedback on a PSFCHresource in response to one PSSCH transmitted by the transmitting UE tothe receiving UE, the receiving UE may determine a frequency domainand/or code domain of the PSFCH resource based on an implicit mechanismin a configured resource pool. For example, the receiving UE maydetermine the frequency domain and/or code domain of the PSFCH resource,based on at least one of a slot index related to PSCCH/PSSCH/PSFCH, asub-channel related to PSCCH/PSSCH, and/or an identifier for identifyingeach receiving UE in a group for HARQ feedback based on the groupcastoption 2. Additionally/alternatively, for example, the receiving UE maydetermine the frequency domain and/or code domain of the PSFCH resource,based on at least one of SL RSRP, SINR, L1 source ID, and/or locationinformation.

For example, if HARQ feedback transmission through the PSFCH of the UEand HARQ feedback reception through the PSFCH overlap, the UE may selectany one of HARQ feedback transmission through the PSFCH and HARQfeedback reception through the PSFCH based on a priority rule. Forexample, the priority rule may be based on at least priority indicationof the related PSCCH/PSSCH.

For example, if HARQ feedback transmission of a UE through a PSFCH for aplurality of UEs overlaps, the UE may select specific HARQ feedbacktransmission based on the priority rule. For example, the priority rulemay be based on at least priority indication of the related PSCCH/PSSCH.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, a transmitting UE (TXUE) may be a UE which transmits data to a (target) receiving UE (RX UE).For example, the TX UE may be a UE which performs PSCCH transmissionand/or PSSCH transmission. For example, the TX UE may be a UE whichtransmits SL CSI-RS(s) and/or a SL CSI report request indicator to the(target) RX UE. For example, the TX UE may be a UE which transmits(pre-defined) reference signal(s) (e.g., PSSCH demodulation referencesignal (DM-RS)) and/or a SL (L1) RSRP report request indicator, to the(target) RX UE, to be used for SL (L1) RSRP measurement. For example,the TX UE may be a UE which transmits a (control) channel (e.g., PSCCH,PSSCH, etc.) and/or reference signal(s) on the (control) channel (e.g.,DM-RS, CSI-RS, etc.), to be used for a SL RLM operation and/or a SL RLFoperation of the (target) RX UE.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, a receiving UE (RXUE) may be a UE which transmits SL HARQ feedback to a transmitting UE(TX UE) based on whether decoding of data received from the TX UE issuccessful and/or whether detection/decoding of a PSCCH (related toPSSCH scheduling) transmitted by the TX UE is successful. For example,the RX UE may be a UE which performs SL CSI transmission to the TX UEbased on SL CSI-RS(s) and/or a SL CSI report request indicator receivedfrom the TX UE. For example, the RX UE is a UE which transmits a SL (L1)RSRP measurement value, to the TX UE, measured based on (pre-defined)reference signal(s) and/or a SL (L1) RSRP report request indicatorreceived from the TX UE. For example, the RX UE may be a UE whichtransmits data of the RX UE to the TX UE. For example, the RX UE may bea UE which performs a SL RLM operation and/or a SL RLF operation basedon a (pre-configured) (control) channel and/or reference signal(s) onthe (control) channel received from the TX UE.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, the TX UE maytransmit at least one of the following information to the RX UE throughSCI(s). Herein, for example, the TX UE may transmit at least one of thefollowing information to the RX UE through a first SCI and/or a secondSCI.

-   -   PSSCH (and/or PSCCH) related resource allocation information        (e.g., the location/number of time/frequency resources, resource        reservation information (e.g., period))    -   SL CSI report request indicator or SL (L1) RSRP (and/or SL (L1)        RSRQ and/or SL (L1) RSSI) report request indicator    -   SL CSI transmission indicator (or SL (L1) RSRP (and/or SL (L1)        RSRQ and/or SL (L1) RSSI) information transmission indicator)        (on a PSSCH)    -   Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information    -   TX power information    -   L1 destination ID information and/or L1 source ID information    -   SL HARQ process ID information    -   New Data Indicator (NDI) information    -   Redundancy Version (RV) information    -   (Transmission traffic/packet related) QoS information (e.g.,        priority information)    -   SL CSI-RS transmission indicator or information on the number of        antenna ports for (transmitting) SL CSI-RS    -   TX UE location information or location (or distance range)        information of the target RX UE (for which SL HARQ feedback is        requested)    -   Reference signal (e.g., DM-RS, etc.) information related to        decoding (and/or channel estimation) of data transmitted through        a PSSCH. For example, information related to a pattern of        (time-frequency) mapping resources of DM-RS(s), RANK        information, antenna port index information, etc.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, a PSCCH may bereplaced/substituted with a SCI and/or a first SCI and/or a second SCI,or vice versa. For example, the SCI may be replaced/substituted with thePSCCH and/or the first SCI and/or the second SCI, or vice versa. Forexample, since the TX UE may transmit the second SCI to the RX UEthrough a PSSCH, the PSSCH may be replaced/substituted with the secondSCI, or vice versa. For example, if SCI configuration fields are dividedinto two groups in consideration of a (relatively) high SCI payloadsize, the first SCI including a first SCI configuration field group maybe referred to as a 1^(st) SCI or 1^(st)-stage SCI, and the second SCIincluding a second SCI configuration field group may be referred to as a2^(nd) SCI or 2^(nd)-stage SCI. For example, the first SCI may betransmitted through a PSCCH. For example, the second SCI may betransmitted through a (independent) PSCCH. For example, the second SCImay be piggybacked and transmitted together with data through a PSSCH.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, the term“configure/configured” or the term “define/defined” may refer to(pre)configuration from a base station or a network (through pre-definedsignaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, etc.)) (for each resource pool). Forexample, “that A is configured” may mean “that the base station/networktransmits information related to A to the UE”.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, an RB may bereplaced/substituted with a subcarrier, or vice versa. For example, apacket or a traffic may be replaced/substituted with a transport block(TB) or a medium access control protocol data unit (MAC PDU) based on atransmission layer, or vice versa. For example, a code block group (CBG)may be replaced/substituted with a TB, or vice versa. For example, asource ID may be replaced/substituted with a destination ID, or viceversa. For example, an L1 ID may be replaced/substituted with an L2 ID,or vice versa. For example, the L1 ID may be an L1 source ID or an L1destination ID. For example, the L2 ID may be an L2 source ID or an L2destination ID.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, an operation of thetransmitting UE to reserve/select/determine retransmission resource(s)may include: an operation of the transmitting UE toreserve/select/determine potential retransmission resource(s) for whichactual use will be determined based on SL HARQ feedback informationreceived from the receiving UE.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a sub-selection window may bereplaced/substituted with a selection window and/or a pre-configurednumber of resource sets within the selection window, or vice versa.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, SL MODE 1 may refer to a resourceallocation method or a communication method in which a base stationdirectly schedules SL transmission resource(s) for a TX UE throughpre-defined signaling (e.g., DCI or RRC message). For example, SL MODE 2may refer to a resource allocation method or a communication method inwhich a UE independently selects SL transmission resource(s) in aresource pool pre-configured or configured from a base station or anetwork. For example, a UE performing SL communication based on SL MODE1 may be referred to as a MODE 1 UE or MODE 1 TX UE, and a UE performingSL communication based on SL MODE 2 may be referred to as a MODE 2 UE orMODE 2 TX UE.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, a dynamic grant (DG)may be replaced/substituted with a configured grant (CG) and/or asemi-persistent scheduling (SPS) grant, or vice versa. For example, theDG may be replaced/substituted with a combination of the CG and the SPSgrant, or vice versa. For example, the CG may include at least one of aconfigured grant (CG) type 1 and/or a configured grant (CG) type 2. Forexample, in the CG type 1, a grant may be provided by RRC signaling andmay be stored as a configured grant. For example, in the CG type 2, agrant may be provided by a PDCCH, and may be stored or deleted as aconfigured grant based on L1 signaling indicating activation ordeactivation of the grant. For example, in the CG type 1, a base stationmay allocate periodic resource(s) to a TX UE through an RRC message. Forexample, in the CG type 2, a base station may allocate periodicresource(s) to a TX UE through an RRC message, and the base station maydynamically activate or deactivate the periodic resource(s) through aDCI.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a channel may bereplaced/substituted with a signal, or vice versa. For example,transmission/reception of a channel may include transmission/receptionof a signal. For example, transmission/reception of a signal may includetransmission/reception of a channel. For example, cast may bereplaced/substituted with at least one of unicast, groupcast, and/orbroadcast, or vice versa. For example, a cast type may bereplaced/substituted with at least one of unicast, groupcast, and/orbroadcast, or vice versa.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a resource may bereplaced/substituted with a slot or a symbol, or vice versa. Forexample, the resource may include a slot and/or a symbol.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a priority may bereplaced/substituted with at least one of logical channel prioritization(LCP), latency, reliability, minimum required communication range, proseper-packet priority (PPPP), sidelink radio bearer (SLRB), QoS profile,QoS parameter and/or requirement, or vice versa.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, for example, for convenience ofdescription, a (physical) channel used when a RX UE transmits at leastone of the following information to a TX UE may be referred to as aPSFCH.

-   -   SL HARQ feedback, SL CSI, SL (L1) RSRP

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a Uu channel may include a ULchannel and/or a DL channel. For example, the UL channel may include aPUSCH, a PUCCH, a sounding reference Signal (SRS), etc. For example, theDL channel may include a PDCCH, a PDSCH, a PSS/SSS, etc. For example, aSL channel may include a PSCCH, a PSSCH, a PSFCH, a PSBCH, a PSSS/SSSS,etc.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, sidelink information may includeat least one of a sidelink message, a sidelink packet, a sidelinkservice, sidelink data, sidelink control information, and/or a sidelinktransport block (TB). For example, sidelink information may betransmitted through a PSSCH and/or a PSCCH.

Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, a high priority may mean a smallpriority value, and a low priority may mean a large priority value. Forexample, Table 5 shows an example of priorities.

TABLE 5 service or logical channel priority value service A or logicalchannel A 1 service B or logical channel B 2 service C or logicalchannel C 3

Referring to Table 5, for example, service A or logical channel Arelated to the smallest priority value may have the highest priority.For example, service C or logical channel C related to the largestpriority value may have the lowest priority.

Meanwhile, in NR V2X communication or NR sidelink communication, atransmitting UE may reserve/select one or more transmission resourcesfor sidelink transmission (e.g., initial transmission and/orretransmission), and the transmitting UE may transmit information on thelocation of the one or more transmission resources to receiving UE(s).

Meanwhile, when performing sidelink communication, a method for atransmitting UE to reserve or pre-determine transmission resource(s) forreceiving UE(s) may be representatively as follows.

For example, the transmitting UE may perform a reservation oftransmission resource(s) based on a chain. Specifically, for example, ifthe transmitting UE reserves K transmission resources, the transmittingUE may transmit location information for less than K transmissionresources to receiving UE(s) through a SCI transmitted to the receivingUE(s) at any (or specific) transmission time or a time resource. Thatis, for example, the SCI may include location information for less thanthe K transmission resources. Alternatively, for example, if thetransmitting UE reserves K transmission resources related to a specificTB, the transmitting UE may transmit location information for less thanK transmission resources to receiving UE(s) through a SCI transmitted tothe receiving UE(s) at any (or specific) transmission time or a timeresource. That is, the SCI may include location information for lessthan the K transmission resources. In this case, for example, it ispossible to prevent performance degradation due to an excessive increasein payloads of the SCI, by signaling only the location information forless than K transmission resources to the receiving UE(s) through oneSCI transmitted at any (or specific) transmission time or the timeresource by the transmitting UE.

FIG. 13 shows a method in which a UE that has reserved transmissionresource(s) informs another UE of the transmission resource(s), based onan embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 maybe combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Specifically, for example, (a) of FIG. 13 shows a method for performingby a transmitting UE chain-based resource reservation bytransmitting/signaling location information of (maximum) 2 transmissionresources to receiving UE(s) through one SCI, in the case of a value ofK=4. For example, (b) of FIG. 13 shows a method for performing by atransmitting UE chain-based resource reservation bytransmitting/signaling location information of (maximum) 3 transmissionresources to receiving UE(s) through one SCI, in the case of a value ofK=4. For example, referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 11 , the transmittingUE may transmit/signal only location information of the fourthtransmission-related resource to the receiving UE(s) through the fourth(or last) transmission-related PSCCH. For example, referring to (a) ofFIG. 11 , the transmitting UE may transmit/signal to the receiving UE(s)not only location information of the fourth transmission-relatedresource but also location information of the third transmission-relatedresource additionally through the fourth (or last) transmission-relatedPSCCH. For example, referring to (b) of FIG. 11 , the transmitting UEmay transmit/signal to the receiving UE(s) not only location informationof the fourth transmission-related resource but also locationinformation of the second transmission-related resource and locationinformation of the third transmission-related resource additionallythrough the fourth (or last) transmission-related PSCCH. In this case,for example, in (a) and (b) of FIG. 11 , if the transmitting UE maytransmit/signal to the receiving UE(s) only location information of thefourth transmission-related resource through the fourth (or last)transmission-related PSCCH, the transmitting UE may set or designate afield/bit of location information of unused or remaining transmissionresource(s) to a pre-configured value (e.g., 0). For example, in (a) and(b) of FIG. 11 , if the transmitting UE may transmit/signal to thereceiving UE(s) only location information of the fourthtransmission-related resource through the fourth (or last)transmission-related PSCCH, the transmitting UE may be set or designatea field/bit of location information of unused or remaining transmissionresource(s) to a pre-configured status/bit value indicating/representingthe last transmission (among 4 transmissions).

Meanwhile, for example, the transmitting UE may perform a reservation oftransmission resource(s) based on a block. Specifically, for example, ifthe transmitting UE reserves K transmission resources, the transmittingUE may transmit location information for K transmission resources toreceiving UE(s) through a SCI transmitted to the receiving UE(s) at any(or specific) transmission time or a time resource. That is, the SCI mayinclude location information for K transmission resources. For example,if the transmitting UE reserves K transmission resources related to aspecific TB, the transmitting UE may transmit location information for Ktransmission resources to receiving UE(s) through a SCI transmitted tothe receiving UE(s) at any (or specific) transmission time or a timeresource. That is, the SCI may include location information for Ktransmission resources. For example, (c) of FIG. 13 shows a method forperforming by the transmitting UE block-based resource reservation, bysignaling location information of 4 transmission resources to receivingUE(s) through one SCI, in the case of a value of K=4.

Meanwhile, for example, in the case of a millimeter-wave frequency,phase noise may increase due to impairment of RF hardware. Herein, forexample, phase noise may cause common phase error (CPE) and intercarrier interference (ICI) in a frequency domain. For example, CPE maybe an error common to all carrier frequencies. For example, ICI may beinterference occurring between carriers due to deterioration oforthogonality between carriers.

Therefore, for example, for estimation and/or compensation of CPE, theUE may be configured to transmit phase tracking reference signal(PT-RS). For example, the UE may transmit the PT-RS through a PSSCH. Forexample, the UE may transmit the PT-RS through a PSSCH and/or a PSCCH.Herein, for example, if the UE performs transmission by using a(relatively) high MCS value, and/or if the UE performs transmission byusing a (relatively) large bandwidth, the performance of the UE may befurther improved due to the (PT-RS-based) CPE compensation.

In consideration of this, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure, the UE may be configured/defined to determine/derive whetheran antenna port related to the PT-RS exists based on a(codeword-related) SCH_MCS value and/or SCH_BW value. For example, theUE may be configured/defined to determine/derive a time pattern to whichthe PT-RS is mapped/transmitted based on a (codeword-related) SCH_MCSvalue and/or SCH_BW value. For example, the UE may be configured/definedto determine/derive a frequency pattern to which the PT-RS ismapped/transmitted based on a (codeword-related) SCH_MCS value and/orSCH_BW value. For example, the UE may be configured/defined todetermine/derive density to which the PT-RS is mapped/transmitted basedon a (codeword-related) SCH_MCS value and/or SCH_BW value. In thepresent disclosure, for example, the SCH_MCS value may be a MCS valuescheduled for the UE, and the SCH_BW value may be a bandwidth scheduledfor the UE.

For example, the UE may determine/derive whether the antenna portrelated to the PT-RS exists based on the (codeword-related) SCH_MCSvalue and/or SCH_BW value. For example, the UE may determine/derive thetime pattern to which the PT-RS is mapped/transmitted based on the(codeword-related) SCH_MCS value and/or SCH_BW value. For example, theUE may determine/derive the frequency pattern to which the PT-RS ismapped/transmitted based on the (codeword-related) SCH_MCS value and/orSCH_BW value. For example, the UE may determine/derive the density towhich the PT-RS is mapped/transmitted based on the (codeword-related)SCH_MCS value and/or SCH_BW value.

For example, as the SCH_BW value is (relatively) larger, the RB unitrelated to PT-RS mapping in the frequency domain may be configured to be(relatively) larger. For example, as the SCH_BW value is (relatively)larger, the UE may map and transmit the PT-RS in larger RB units. Forexample, if SCH_BW is 8 RBs, the UE may map and transmit the PT-RS inunits of 2 RBs. On the other hand, for example, if SCH_BW is 16 RBs, theUE may map and transmit the PT-RS in units of 4 RBs.

For example, as the SCH_BW value is (relatively) larger, the PT-RS maybe configured to exist. For example, based on the SCH_BW value, the UEmay determine whether to transmit the PT-RS. For example, if SCH_BW isless than 4 RBs, the UE may not transmit the PT-RS. On the other hand,for example, if SCH_BW is greater than or equal to 4 RBs, the UE maytransmit the PT-RS.

For example, as the SCH_MCS value is (relatively) higher, the symbolunit related to PT-RS mapping in the time domain may be configured to be(relatively) smaller. For example, as the SCH_MCS value is (relatively)higher, the UE may map and transmit the PT-RS in smaller symbol units.For example, if SCH_MCS is 16 QAM, the UE may map and transmit the PT-RSin units of 4 symbols. On the other hand, for example, if SCH_MCS is 64QAM, the UE may map and transmit the PT-RS in units of 2 symbols.

For example, as the SCH_MCS value is (relatively) higher, the PT-RS maybe configured to exist. For example, based on the SCH_MCS value, the UEmay determine whether to transmit the PT-RS. For example, if SCH_MCS islower than 16 QAM, the UE may not transmit the PT-RS. On the other hand,for example, if SCH_MCS is higher than or equal to 16 QAM, the UE maytransmit the PT-RS.

For example, based on whether the UE performs a chain-based resourcereservation operation, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or athreshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedlyconfigured for the UE. For example, based on whether the UE performs ablock-based resource reservation operation, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE. For example, based on whether the UEperforms a blind retransmission operation, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE. For example, based on whether the UEperforms a SL HARQ feedback-based retransmission operation, a thresholdvalue related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH maybe differently or limitedly configured for the UE. For example, based onwhether the UE performs a CG-based resource selection/reservationoperation, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold valuerelated to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for theUE. For example, based on whether the UE performs a DG-based resourceselection/reservation operation, a threshold value related to SCH_BWand/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE.

For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a thresholdvalue related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured forthe UE for each resource pool. For example, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each service type. For example, athreshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related toSCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for the UE for eachservice priority. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BWand/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each cast type. For example, thecast type may include at least one of unicast, groupcast, and/orbroadcast. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or athreshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedlyconfigured for the UE for each destination UE. For example, a thresholdvalue related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH maybe differently or limitedly configured for the UE for each (L1 or L2)destination ID. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/ora threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedlyconfigured for the UE for each (L1 or L2) source ID. For example, athreshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related toSCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for the UE for each(service) QoS parameter. For example, the (service) QoS parameter mayinclude at least one of a reliability-related parameter, alatency-related parameter, and/or a (target) block error rate(BLER)-related parameter. For example, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each (resource pool) congestionlevel. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or athreshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedlyconfigured for the UE for each SL mode type. For example, the SL modetype may include SL mode 1 and/or SL mode 2. For example, a thresholdvalue related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH maybe differently or limitedly configured for the UE for each grant type.For example, the grant type may include CG and/or DG. For example, athreshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related toSCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for the UE for eachpacket/message (e.g., TB) size. For example, a threshold value relatedto SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differentlyor limitedly configured for the UE for each number of subchannels usedby the UE to transmit a PSSCH. For example, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each number of subchannels used bythe UE to transmit a PSCCH. For example, a threshold value related toSCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each number of RBs included in (one)subchannel. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or athreshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedlyconfigured for the UE for each number of subchannels included in aresource pool and/or for each number of RBs included in a resource pool.For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a thresholdvalue related to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured forthe UE for each numerology. For example, the numerology may include CPlength and/or subcarrier spacing. For example, a threshold value relatedto SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differentlyor limitedly configured for the UE for each carrier frequency and/or foreach BWP frequency. For example, a threshold value related to SCH_BWand/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH may be differently orlimitedly configured for the UE for each (PSSCH-related) MCS value. Forexample, a threshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold valuerelated to SCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for theUE, based on whether an L1 source ID exists in a SCI. For example, athreshold value related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related toSCH_MCH may be differently or limitedly configured for the UE, based onwhether an L1 destination ID exists in a SCI. For example, a thresholdvalue related to SCH_BW and/or a threshold value related to SCH_MCH maybe differently or limitedly configured for the UE for each movementspeed of the UE. For example, the movement speed of the UE may includean absolute movement speed of the UE and/or a relative movement speed ofthe UE.

Meanwhile, for example, in order to improve the performance/accuracy of(PT-RS-based) CPE estimation and/or compensation, it is necessary toprevent PT-RS resources from colliding (as much as possible) amongdifferent UEs. For example, the PT-RS resource may be a resource used bythe TX UE to transmit the PT-RS. For example, the PT-RS resource may bea resource used by the RX UE to receive the PT-RS.

FIG. 14 shows a method for a UE to transmit the PT-RS, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14 , in step S1410, the TX UE may determine a PT-RSresource. For example, the TX UE may determine/derive a PT-RStransmission-related RB offset value (hereinafter, PT_RBOFF) and/or aPT-RS transmission-related RE offset value (hereinafter, PT_REOFF). Forexample, based on at least one of the rules proposed below, the TX UEmay determine/derive PT_RBOFF and/or PT_REOFF.

For example, the PT_RBOFF value may be the location of a (relative)reference RB for the TX UE to map the PT-RS (on the frequency resourcedomain) within PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related allocated/scheduled RBs. Forexample, the PT_RBOFF value may be the location of a (relative) startingRB for the TX UE to map the PT-RS (on the frequency resource domain)within PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related allocated/scheduled RBs. For example,the TX UE may map the PT-RS in an RB at a location separated by thePT_RBOFF value, from the reference RB (e.g., the lowest RB) within PSSCHand/or PSCCH-related allocated/scheduled RBs.

For example, the PT_REOFF value may be the location of a (relative)reference RE for the TX UE to map the PT-RS within the RB to which thePT-RS is mapped. For example, the PT_REOFF value may be the location ofa (relative) starting RE for the TX UE to map the PT-RS within the RB towhich the PT-RS is mapped. For example, the TX UE may map the PT-RS to asubcarrier at a location separated by the PT_REOFF value, from areference subcarrier (e.g., lowest subcarrier) in the RB to which thePT-RS is mapped.

For example, the PT_REOFF value may be the location of a (relative)reference RE for the TX UE to map the PT-RS (on the frequency resourcedomain) within PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related allocated/scheduled REs. Forexample, the PT_REOFF value may be the location of a (relative) startingRE for the TX UE to map the PT-RS (on the frequency resource domain)within PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related allocated/scheduled REs.

For example, the PT_RBOFF value may be a value applied based on thelowest index of PSSCH and/or a PSCCH-related RBs. For example, thePT_RBOFF value may be a value applied based on the highest index ofPSSCH and/or a PSCCH-related RBs.

For example, the PT_REOFF value may be a value applied based on thelowest index of PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related REs. For example, thePT_REOFF value may be a value applied based on the highest index ofPSSCH and/or PSCCH-related REs. For example, the PT_REOFF value may be avalue applied based on the lowest index on the RB to which the PT-RS ismapped. For example, the PT_REOFF value may be a value applied based onthe highest index on the RB to which the PT-RS is mapped.

FIG. 15 shows a method for a UE to map a PT-RS, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combinedwith various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 15 , it is assumed that the PT_RBOFF value is 2 andthe PT_REOFF value is 4. This is only an example, and the technical ideaof the present disclosure is not limited to the above values. Forconvenience of description, the reference RB may be referred to as RB#1, and RBs subsequent to the reference RB may be referred to as RB #2and RB #3, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 15 , since the PT_RBOFF value is 2 and the PT_REOFFvalue is 4, the UE may map the PT-RS after 4 subcarriers from the lowestsubcarrier of the RB #3. That is, the UE may be able to map the PT-RS onthe 5th subcarrier in the RB #3. Specifically, the UE may map the PT-RSto at least one RE among REs located on the 5th subcarrier in the RB #3.

For example, based on whether the UE performs a chain-based resourcereservation operation, the UE may determine whether to apply at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure. For example, based on whether the UE performs a block-basedresource reservation operation, the UE may determine whether to apply atleast one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure. For example, based on whether the UE performs a blindretransmission operation, the UE may determine whether to apply at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure. For example, based on whether the UE performs a SL HARQfeedback-based retransmission operation, the UE may determine whether toapply at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure. For example, based on whether the UE performs aCG-based resource selection/reservation operation, the UE may determinewhether to apply at least one of the rules proposed in variousembodiments of the present disclosure. For example, based on whether theUE performs a DG-based resource selection/reservation operation, the UEmay determine whether to apply at least one of the rules proposed invarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

For example, whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposedin various embodiments of the present disclosure may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each resource pool. For example,whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposed in variousembodiments of the present disclosure may be configured differently orlimitedly for the UE for each service type. For example, whether the UEapplies at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UEfor each service priority. For example, whether the UE applies at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach cast type. For example, the cast type may include at least one ofunicast, groupcast, and/or broadcast. For example, whether the UEapplies at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UEfor each destination UE. For example, whether the UE applies at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach (L1 or L2) destination ID. For example, whether the UE applies atleast one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach (L1 or L2) source ID. For example, whether the UE applies at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach (service) QoS parameter. For example, the (service) QoS parametermay include at least one of a reliability-related parameter, alatency-related parameter, and/or a (target) BLER-related parameter. Forexample, whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposed invarious embodiments of the present disclosure may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each (resource pool) congestionlevel. For example, whether the UE applies at least one of the rulesproposed in various embodiments of the present disclosure may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each SL mode type.For example, the SL mode type may include SL mode 1 and/or SL mode 2.For example, whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposedin various embodiments of the present disclosure may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each grant type. For example,the grant type may include CG and/or DG. For example, whether the UEapplies at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UEfor each packet/message (e.g., TB) size. For example, whether the UEapplies at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UEfor each number of subchannels used by the UE to transmit a PSSCH. Forexample, whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposed invarious embodiments of the present disclosure may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each number of RBs used by theUE to transmit a PSCCH. For example, whether the UE applies at least oneof the rules proposed in various embodiments of the present disclosuremay be configured differently or limitedly for the UE for each number ofRBs included in (one) subchannel. For example, whether the UE applies atleast one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach number of subchannels included in a resource pool and/or for eachnumber of RBs included in a resource pool. For example, whether the UEapplies at least one of the rules proposed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UEfor each numerology. For example, the numerology may include CP lengthand/or subcarrier spacing. For example, whether the UE applies at leastone of the rules proposed in various embodiments of the presentdisclosure may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach carrier frequency and/or for each BWP frequency. For example,whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposed in variousembodiments of the present disclosure may be configured differently orlimitedly for the UE for each (PSSCH-related) MCS value. For example,whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposed in variousembodiments of the present disclosure may be configured differently orlimitedly for the UE, based on whether an L1 source ID exists in a SCI.For example, whether the UE applies at least one of the rules proposedin various embodiments of the present disclosure may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE, based on whether an L1 destinationID exists in a SCI. For example, whether the UE applies at least one ofthe rules proposed in various embodiments of the present disclosure maybe configured differently or limitedly for the UE for each movementspeed of the UE. For example, the movement speed of the UE may includean absolute movement speed of the UE and/or a relative movement speed ofthe UE.

For example, based on whether the UE performs a chain-based resourcereservation operation, a parameter may be configured differently orlimitedly for the UE. For example, the parameter may include at leastone of PT_RBOFF, PT_REOFF, ID_CANDI, CAN_VAL, K_PTRS, and/or CON_MCS.For example, based on whether the UE performs a block-based resourcereservation operation, the parameter may be configured differently orlimitedly for the UE. For example, based on whether the UE performs ablind retransmission operation, the parameter may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE. For example, based on whether theUE performs a SL HARQ feedback-based retransmission operation, theparameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE. Forexample, based on whether the UE performs a CG-based resourceselection/reservation operation, the parameter may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE. For example, based on whether theUE performs a DG-based resource selection/reservation operation, theparameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE.

For example, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedlyfor the UE for each resource pool. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each service type.For example, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedlyfor the UE for each service priority. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each cast type. Forexample, the cast type may include at least one of unicast, groupcast,and/or broadcast. For example, the parameter may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each destination UE. Forexample, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedly forthe UE for each (L1 or L2) destination ID. For example, the parametermay be configured differently or limitedly for the UE for each (L1 orL2) source ID. For example, the parameter may be configured differentlyor limitedly for the UE for each (service) QoS parameter. For example,the (service) QoS parameter may include at least one of areliability-related parameter, a latency-related parameter, and/or a(target) BLER-related parameter. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each (resource pool)congestion level. For example, the parameter may be configureddifferently or limitedly for the UE for each SL mode type. For example,the SL mode type may include SL mode 1 and/or SL mode 2. For example,the parameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach grant type. For example, the grant type may include CG and/or DG.For example, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedlyfor the UE for each packet/message (e.g., TB) size. For example, theparameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE for eachnumber of subchannels used by the UE to transmit a PSSCH. For example,the parameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE foreach number of RBs used by the UE to transmit a PSCCH. For example, theparameter may be configured differently or limitedly for the UE for eachnumber of RBs included in (one) subchannel. For example, the parametermay be configured differently or limitedly for the UE for each number ofsubchannels included in a resource pool and/or for each number of RBsincluded in a resource pool. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each numerology. Forexample, the numerology may include CP length and/or subcarrier spacing.For example, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedlyfor the UE for each carrier frequency and/or for each BWP frequency. Forexample, the parameter may be configured differently or limitedly forthe UE for each (PSSCH-related) MCS value. For example, the parametermay be configured differently or limitedly for the UE, based on whetheran L1 source ID exists in a SCI. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE, based on whether an L1destination ID exists in a SCI. For example, the parameter may beconfigured differently or limitedly for the UE for each movement speedof the UE. For example, the movement speed of the UE may include anabsolute movement speed of the UE and/or a relative movement speed ofthe UE.

1. Proposed Rule #1

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the TX UE maydetermine/derive the PT_RBOFF value based on a value randomly selectedfrom among a plurality of pre-configured identifier values (i.e.,ID_CANDI). For example, the TX UE may determine/derive the PT_RBOFFvalue based on a value randomly selected from among a plurality ofpre-configured candidate values (i.e., CAN_VAL).

Herein, for example, the TX UE may determine/consider a result valueobtained by taking modulo operation with a (pre-)configured RB unitvalue (i.e., K_PTRS) related to PT-RS mapping (in the frequency domain)with respect to (random) selected ID_CANDI and/or CAN_VAL, as thePT_RBOFF value. For example, the TX UE may determine/consider a resultvalue obtained by taking modulo operation with K_PTRS with respect to aPSSCH and/or PSCCH-related RB index, as the PT_RBOFF value. For example,the TX UE may obtain/determine the PT_RBOFF value based on Equation 1,Equation 2, or Equation 3.

PT_RBOFF=(selected ID_CANDI)MODULO(K_PTRS)  [Equation 1]

PT_RBOFF=(selected CAN_VAL)MODULO(K_PTRS)  [Equation 2]

PT_RBOFF=(PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related RB index)MODULO(K_PTRS)  [Equation3]

Herein, for example, “(X) MODULO (Y)” may be a function deriving aremainder value obtained by dividing X by Y. Herein, for example, theID_CANDI value (described above) may include a plurality ofpre-configured (L1 or L2) source IDs and/or (L1 or L2) destination IDs.Herein, for example, the TX UE may transmit (randomly) selected ID_CANDIand/or CAN_VAL related parameter (e.g., index, order) to the RX UEthrough a field (e.g., 2 bits) pre-configured in a 1^(st) SC. In thiscase, for example, the RX UE may not perform a blind decoding operationfor PT_RBOFF related to PT-RS of the TX UE.

For example, the TX UE may determine/derive the PT_RBOFF value based onat least one parameter among the parameters listed below. For example,the TX UE may determine/derive the PT_REOFF value based on at least oneparameter among the parameters listed below.

1) (randomly selected) PSCCH DM-RS sequence-related (candidate) indexvalue and/or generation/initialization identifier value

For example, for each PSCCH DM-RS sequence-related (candidate) indexvalue and/or generation/initialization identifier value, the(associated) ID_CANDI value and/or the CAN_VAL value may bepre-configured for the UE. In this case, for example, selecting by theTX UE the PSCCH DM-RS sequence-related (candidate) index value and/orgeneration/initialization identifier value may be selecting by the TX UEthe ID_CANDI value and/or the CAN_VAL value used to determine/derive thePT_RBOFF value.

2) PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related (allocated/scheduled) transmissionresource parameter

For example, the PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related (allocated/scheduled)transmission resource parameter may include at least one of an RB index,a subchannel index, the number of RBs, the number of subchannels, acontrol channel element (CCE) index, the number of CCEs, a symbol index,the number of symbols, a slot index, and/or the number of slots. Forexample, the RB index may include the highest RB index or the lowest RBindex. For example, the subchannel index may include the highestsubchannel index or the lowest subchannel index. For example, the CCEindex may include the highest CCE index or the lowest CCE index. Forexample, the symbol index may include a start symbol index or a lastsymbol index. For example, the slot index may include a start slot indexor a last slot index.

3) PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related DM-RS parameter

For example, the PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related DM-RS parameter may includeat least one of a sequence (generation/initialization) related seedvalue, a sequence (generation/initialization) related ID value, asequence (generation/initialization) related index value, a cyclic shiftindex and/or an orthogonal cover code (OCC) index.

4) sidelink synch sequence (SLSS) ID

5) (L1 or L2) source ID (of the TX UE) and/or (L1 or L2) destination ID(of the RX UE) transmitted on a PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI)

6) PSCCH-related (some or all pre-configured) CRC bits and/orPSSCH-related (some or all pre-configured) CRC bits

7) PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related antenna port index and/or rank information

8) PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related redundancy version (RV) and/ortransmission order/number

For example, the PSSCH and/or PSCCH-related transmission order/numbermay be the transmission order/number when the TX UE (repeatedly)transmits one TB through N slots.

2. Proposed Rule #2

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, in thecase of a PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI), PT-RS transmission may not beconfigured for the UE. For example, the PT-RS may not be mapped on thePSCCH resource. For example, in the case of a PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI)in which a DM-RS is transmitted for every symbol (on the same subcarrierindex/location), PT-RS transmission may not be configured for the UE.For example, in the case of a PSCCH in which a DM-RS is transmitted forevery symbol (on the same subcarrier index/location), the TX UE may nottransmit the PT-RS to the RX UE on the PSCCH. In this case, the RX UEmay perform CPE estimation and/or compensation based on the DM-RS.

On the other hand, for example, in the case of a 2^(nd) SCI and datatransmitted on a PSSCH, since a (PSSCH) DM-RS used for channelestimation does not exist for every symbol (on the time domain), PT-RStransmission may be configured for the UE. For example, the TX UE maytransmit the PT-RS to the RX UE on the PSSCH.

Meanwhile, if the RX UE considers all of the plurality of(pre-configured) (candidate) PT-RS resource patterns, the RX UE may haveto perform (excessive) blind decoding operation for decoding of a 2^(nd)SCI.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to preventthe RX UE from performing (excessive) blind decoding operation for the2^(nd) SCI, the RX UE may determine a pattern of a PT-RS resource on aPSSCH transmitted by the TX UE, based on a pre-configured field on aPSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI) transmitted by the TX UE. For example, thepre-configured field on the PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI) may include atleast one of an MCS field, a DM-RS antenna port index field, and/or aDM-RS antenna port number field. For example, the TX UE may inform theRX UE of the pattern of the PT-RS transmitted on the PSSCH by using thepre-configured field on the PSCCH. In addition, for example, the RX UEmay determine the pattern of the PT-RS transmitted on the PSSCH based onthe pre-configured field on the PSCCH. For example, the TX UE may mapthe PT-RS on the PSSCH resource based on the number of DM-RS antennaports and transmit it to the RX UE. In this case, if the RX UE receivesthe SCI (e.g., 1st SCI) including information related to the number ofDM-RS antenna ports from the TX UE, the RX UE may know the pattern inwhich the PT-RS is mapped on the PSSCH resource.

For example, if the TX UE does not transmit information related to thepattern of the PT-RS resource on the PSSCH to the RX UE through thePSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI), for example, if the field for thecorresponding purpose is not transmitted on the PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st)SCI), the TX UE may be configured to map the 2^(nd) SCI only to a(PSSCH) region to which a plurality of (pre-configured) (candidate)PT-RS resource patterns are not mapped. For example, the TX UE may mapthe 2^(nd) SCI only to the (PSSCH) region to which a plurality of(pre-configured) (candidate) PT-RS resource patterns are not mapped andmay transmit it to the RX UE. For example, the 2^(nd) SCI may be mappedbased on a pre-defined rule. For example, the 2^(nd) SCI may be mappedin the form of frequency first. For example, the 2^(nd) SCI may bepreferentially mapped to the frequency domain and then mapped to thetime domain.

For example, whether the PT-RS exists (on PSSCH and/or PSCCH) and/orwhether the TX UE transmits the PT-RS (through PSSCH and/or PSCCH) maybe configured differently based on a carrier and/or a frequency. Forexample, only if the TX UE performs SL communication on a carrier of theFR2 region and/or a BWP of the FR2 region, the PT-RS may exist(limitedly). For example, only if the TX UE performs SL communication ona carrier of the FR2 region and/or a BWP of the FR2 region, the TX UEmay transmit the PT-RS (limitedly). In consideration of this, forexample, whether the (specific) field (e.g., MCS field) required for theRX UE to identify/determine the pattern of the PT-RS resource on thePSSCH exists on the PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI) may be configureddifferently for each carrier frequency and/or for each BWP frequency.For example, whether the (specific) field (e.g., MCS field) required forthe RX UE to identify/determine the pattern of the PT-RS resource on thePSSCH exists on the PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI) may be configureddifferently based on whether PT-RS transmission is configured for the TXUE. For example, whether the (specific) field (e.g., MCS field) requiredfor the RX UE to identify/determine the pattern of the PT-RS resource onthe PSSCH exists on the PSCCH (e.g., 1^(st) SCI) may be configureddifferently based on whether the PT-RS is configured for the TX UE toexist.

Specifically, for example, in the case of a BWP frequency and/or acarrier frequency of the FR2 region in which the TX UE transmits thePT-RS, a MCS field may exist on a 1^(st) SCI transmitted by the TX UE.On the other hand, for example, in the case of a carrier frequencyand/or a BWP frequency of the FR1 region in which the TX UE does nottransmit the PT-RS, a MCS field may not exist on a 1^(st) SCItransmitted by the TX UE. Herein, the 1^(st) SCI may be interpreted as aseparate SCI format. Herein, for example, in the case of the carrierand/or the BWP of the FR1 region, the TX UE may transmit the MCS fieldon a 2^(nd) SCI. Herein, for example, in order to lower the decodingcomplexity of the RX UE for (polar coding) SCIs having different payloadsizes, the TX UE may transmit by matching the payload size of the 1^(st)SCI not including the MCS field to the payload size of the 1^(st) SCIincluding the MCS field. For example, the TX UE may transmit by matchingthe payload size of the 1^(st) SCI transmitted on the carrier and/or theBWP of the FR1 region to the payload size of the 1^(st) SCI transmittedon the carrier and/or the BWP of the FR2 region.

For example, based on a selectable MCS value range and/or a selectableMCS table type and a PT-RS-related SCH_MCS threshold, PT-RS transmissionof the TX UE may not be allowed. For convenience of description, theselectable MCS value range and/or the selectable MCS table type may bereferred to as CON_MCS. For example, CON_MCS may be determined accordingto a transmission parameter restriction based on a congestion level(e.g., CBR). For example, CON_MCS may be determined according to atransmission parameter restriction based on a (absolute or relative)movement speed of the UE. For example, CON_MCS may be determinedaccording to a transmission parameter restriction based on asynchronization reference type of the UE.

For example, if PT-RS transmission of the TX UE is not allowed based onCON_MCS and the PT-RS-related SCH_MCS threshold, the TX UE may transmitby matching the payload size of the 1^(st) SCI not including the MCSfield to the payload size of the 1^(st) SCI including the MCS field.Through this, decoding complexity of the RX UE for (polar coding) SCIshaving different payload sizes may be reduced.

For example, if PT-RS transmission of the TX UE is not allowed based onCON_MCS and the PT-RS-related SCH_MCS threshold, a MCS field may beconsidered/determined as not present on the 1st SCI. In this case, forexample, the TX UE may transmit control information to the RX UE byusing a separate 1^(st) SCI format.

For example, in the case of the PT-RS transmitted through two antennaports and the DM-RS transmitted through two antenna ports, aPT-RS-related antenna port with a relatively low antenna port index anda DM-RS-related antenna port with a relatively low antenna port indexmay be (implicitly) associated with each other, and a PT-RS-relatedantenna port with a relatively high antenna port index and aDM-RS-related antenna port with a relatively high antenna port index maybe (implicitly) associated with each other. For example, in the case ofthe PT-RS transmitted through one antenna port and the DM-RS transmittedthrough two antenna ports, a PT-RS-related antenna port and aDM-RS-related antenna port with a relatively low antenna port index maybe (implicitly) associated with each other. For example, in the case ofthe PT-RS transmitted through one antenna port and the DM-RS transmittedthrough two antenna ports, a PT-RS-related antenna port and aDM-RS-related antenna port with a relatively high antenna port index maybe (implicitly) associated with each other.

For example, it may be configured such that an RE to which the PT-RS ismapped and an RE to which the 2^(nd) SCI is mapped are not located inthe form of FDM. For convenience of description, the RE to which thePT-RS is mapped may be referred to as a PT-RS RE, and the RE to whichthe 2^(nd) SCI is mapped may be referred to as a 2^(nd) SCI RE. Forexample, the TX UE may map the PT-RS and the 2^(nd) SCI in the form ofTDM and may transmit it. Through this, if the TX UE performs powerspectral density (PSD) boosting for the PT-RS RE, it is possible toprevent a problem in which the 2^(nd) SCI decoding performance of the RXUE is deteriorated.

For example, it may be configured such that the PT-RS is not mapped to a2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE. For convenience ofdescription, a symbol to which the 2^(nd) SCI is mapped may be referredto as the 2^(nd) SCI symbol. For example, it may be configured such thatthe PT-RS is mapped to the 2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE bybeing punctured. For example, the TX UE may not map the PT-RS to the2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE. For example, the TX UE maymap the PT-RS to the 2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE bypuncturing. In this case, for example, considering only the remaining(data) symbols except for the 2^(nd) SCI symbol, the TX UE mayobtain/calculate the time domain density of the PT-RS symbol. Or, forexample, considering only the remaining frequency domain/axis except forthe frequency (e.g., RB) domain/axis to which the 2^(nd) SCI is mapped,the TX UE may obtain/calculate the frequency domain density related tothe PT-RS RE.

For example, it may be configured such that the PT-RS is not mapped to a1^(st) SCI symbol and/or the 1^(st) SCI RE. For convenience ofdescription, a symbol to which the 1^(st) SCI is mapped may be referredto as the 1^(st) SCI symbol. For example, it may be configured such thatthe PT-RS is mapped to the 1^(st) SCI symbol and/or the 1^(st) SCI RE bybeing punctured. For example, the TX UE may not map the PT-RS to the1^(st) SCI symbol and/or the 1^(st) SCI RE. For example, the TX UE maymap the PT-RS to the 1^(st) SCI symbol and/or the 1^(st) SCI RE bypuncturing. In this case, for example, considering only the remaining(data) symbols except for the 1^(st) SCI symbol, the TX UE mayobtain/calculate the time domain density of the PT-RS symbol. Or, forexample, considering only the remaining frequency domain/axis except forthe frequency (e.g., RB) domain/axis to which the 1^(st) SCI is mapped,the TX UE may obtain/calculate the frequency domain density related tothe PT-RS RE.

For example, it may be configured such that the PT-RS is punctured by2^(nd) SCI mapping. In addition, for example, it is assumed that aplurality of SL CSI-RS (time/frequency) resource patterns arepre-configured (on a resource pool) and the TX UE selects one of them toperform SL CSI-RS transmission and the TX UE does not transmitinformation related to SL CSI-RS on a 1^(st) SCI (e.g., PSCCH) and theTX UE transmits information related to the SL CSI-RS through a 2^(nd)SCI. In this case, the TX UE may be configured to map the 2^(nd) SCIonly to a (PSSCH) region to which a plurality of (pre-configured)(candidate) SL CSI-RS resource patterns are not mapped. For example, theTX UE may map the 2^(nd) SCI only to the (PSSCH) region to which aplurality of (pre-configured) (candidate) SL CSI-RS resource patternsare not mapped and may transmit it to the RX UE. Herein, for example,through this, it is possible to prevent the RX UE from performing blinddecoding for the resource to which the 2^(nd) SCI is mapped. Herein, forexample, information related to the plurality of SL CSI-RS(time/frequency) resource patterns described above may be exchangedbetween the TX UE and the RX UE through PC5 signaling.

For example, it may be configured such that the SL CSI-RS RE and the2^(nd) SCI RE are not located in the form of FDM. For example, the TX UEmay map the SL CSI-RS and the 2^(nd) SCI in the form of TDM and transmitit. Through this, if the TX UE performs power spectral density (PSD)boosting for the SL CSI-RS RE, it is possible to prevent a problem inwhich the 2^(nd) SCI decoding performance of the RX UE is deteriorated.

For example, it may be configured such that the SL CSI-RS is not mappedto the 2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE. For example, it maybe configured such that the SL CSI-RS is mapped to the 2^(nd) SCI symboland/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE by being punctured. For example, the TX UE maynot map the SL CSI-RS to the 2^(nd) SCI symbol and/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE.For example, the TX UE may map the SL CSI-RS to the 2^(nd) SCI symboland/or the 2^(nd) SCI RE by puncturing.

Referring back to FIG. 14 , in step S1420, the TX UE may transmit thePT-RS to the RX UE. For example, the TX UE may transmit the PT-RS to theRX UE by using the determined PT-RS resource. For example, the TX UE maytransmit the SL CSI-RS to the RX UE. For example, the TX UE may transmitthe SL CSI-RS to the RX UE by using the determined SL CSI-RS resource.

Additionally, for example, the TX UE may transmit the 1^(st) SCI to theRX UE. For example, the TX UE may transmit the 1^(st) SCI to the RX UEby using the PSCCH resource. Additionally, for example, the TX UE maytransmit the 2^(nd) SCI to the RX UE. For example, the TX UE maytransmit the 2^(nd) SCI to the RX UE by using the PSSCH resource.Additionally, for example, the TX UE may transmit the DM-RS to the RXUE. For example, the TX UE may transmit the DM-RS to the RX UE by usingthe determined DM-RS resource.

Based on various embodiments of the present disclosure, referencesignals such as PT-RS may be transmitted without overlapping betweendifferent UEs. In addition, the 1^(st) SCI and the 2^(nd) SCI can betransmitted efficiently.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, if a PSSCHSL PT-RS and a PSCCH overlap in the (time/frequency) resource domain, inorder to guarantee PSCCH detection performance, the TX UE may puncture aportion of the PSSCH SL PT-RS overlapped with the PSCCH. Accordingly,regardless of whether the PSSCH SL PT-RS is transmitted or not, thePSCCH detection performance required to support the service with tightrequirements can be effectively ensured.

FIG. 16 shows a method for a first device to transmit a PT-RS, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 maybe combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 16 , in step S1610, the first device mayselect/determine a PT-RS resource. For example, the PT-RS resource maybe a resource for the first device to transmit the PT-RS. For example,the first device may select the PT-RS resource based on variousembodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the first device maydetermine/obtain an offset value related to the PT-RS resource. Forexample, the first device may determine/obtain the offset value relatedto the PT-RS resource based on various embodiments of the presentdisclosure. In step S1620, the first device may transmit the PT-RS tothe second device on the PT-RS resource.

FIG. 17 shows a method for a second device to transmit a PT-RS, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 maybe combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 17 , in step S1710, the second device may determine aPT-RS resource. For example, the PT-RS resource may be a resource forthe second device to receive the PT-RS. For example, the second devicemay determine the PT-RS resource based on the 1^(st) SCI transmitted bythe first device. For example, the second device may determine the PT-RSresource based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. In stepS1720, the second device may receive the PT-RS from the first device onthe PT-RS resource.

Meanwhile, a method for the UE to generate a sequence related to SLinformation, and the UE to transmit SL information to another UE basedon the generated sequence, and an apparatus supporting the same areproposed.

FIG. 18 shows a procedure in which a transmitting UE generates asequence related to SL information and transmits the SL information to areceiving UE. The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 18 , in step S1810, the transmitting UE may generate asequence related to SL information. For example, the sequence related tothe SL information may include a physical sidelink shared channel(PSSCH) scrambling sequence and/or a physical sidelink feedback channel(PSFCH) sequence.

In step S1820, the transmitting UE may transmit the SL information tothe receiving UE based on the generated sequence.

Hereinafter, a method for the UE to generate a sequence related to SLwill be described in more detail.

For example, all or part of a plurality of PSSCHs transmitted by the UEmay overlap in the time resource and/or frequency resource domain. Inthis case, for example, the UE may generate a scrambling sequence fortransmitting a PSSCH based on a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH) cyclic redundancy check (CRC)-bits so that all or part of theplurality of PSSCHs do not overlap in the time resource and/or frequencyresource domain.

In addition, the UE may transmit the second SCI to the receiving UEthrough a (independent) PSCCH, or may transmit the second SCI to thereceiving UE by piggybacking it together with data through a PSSCH. Inthis case, for example, the UE may perform the scrambling operation forthe second SCI separately from SL-SCH. For example, the scramblingsequence for the second SCI may be independent of parameters provided bythe second SCI. On the other hand, the UE may use the parametersprovided by the second SCI to generate a scrambling sequence for theSL-SCH. For example, the UE may use an L1-source ID and/or anL1-destination ID for a random seed of a scrambling sequence for theSL-SCH. However, the second SCI may not include an L1-source ID and/oran L1-destination ID according to a cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast,broadcast) and HARQ operation. In this case, for example, the UE may usethe PSCCH CRC bit again to generate a scrambling sequence for theSL-SCH. Alternatively, for example, the UE may use different portions ofthe PSCCH CRC bit to generate a scrambling sequence for the second SCIand a scrambling sequence for the SL-SCH.

For example, the UE may obtain an initial scrambling sequence for thePSSCH based on Equation 4 below.

c _(init) =n _(RNTI)·2¹⁵ +n _(ID)  [Equation 4]

For example, c_(init) may be an initial value of a scrambling sequencegenerator. For example, n_(ID) may be an ID value to be used forscrambling. For example, n_(ID) may be (pre-)configured for eachresource pool. For example, n_(ID) may include {1008, 1025, . . . ,32767} values. For example, n_(ID) may be signaled through a parameter(e.g., a parameter related to scrambling) to the UE from a higher layer.For example, n_(RNTI) may be a value for distinguishing a channel. Forexample, if the UE generates a scrambling sequence for the second SCI,the UE may determine n_(RNTI) based on 16-bit least significant bit(LSB) of the PSCCH CRC. For example, if the UE generates a scramblingsequence for the SL-SCH, the UE may determine n_(RNTI) based on 16-bitmost significant bit (MSB) of the PSCCH CRC. That is, for example, in SLcommunication, the UE may obtain the scrambling sequence based on thePSCCH CRC bit rather than the radio network temporary identifier (RNTI)transmitted by the base station.

For example, considering sequence randomization between Uu link and SLand/or sequence randomization between PSFCH transmissions related todifferent UEs, the UE may generate a sequence for a sequence-based PSFCHformat. For example, if an L1-source ID and an L1-destination ID are thesame between different UEs, a collision may occur between PSFCHtransmissions. Accordingly, in order to prevent collision betweentransmissions related to PSFCH, for example, the UE may randomize aPSFCH sequence based on the combination of the L1-source ID and theL1-destination ID. For example, if all or part of differentPSCCHs/PSSCHs overlap in time domain resources and/or frequency domainresources, the UE may distinguish between different PSCCHs/PSSCHs. Forexample, if all or part of different PSCCHs/PSSCHs overlap in timedomain resources and/or frequency domain resources, the UE maydistinguish PSFCH transmissions related to different PSCCHs/PSSCHs byusing different root indexes or cyclic shifts.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, inconsideration of the possibility of collision/overlapping of PSCCHtransmission resources between different transmitting UEs, the UE mayapply the following (some) rules. Herein, for example, through this,interference may be randomized even if PSCCH transmission resourcesoverlap (partially) between transmitting UEs.

For example, the UE may randomly select one of a plurality of (e.g., 4)pre-configured IDs (e.g., N_(ID)), and the UE may use the randomlyselected ID for PSCCH DMRS sequence generation and/or PSCCH scrambling(sequence generation).

Herein, for example, the UE may use the selected ID and/or ID INDEXinformation as an input parameter for generating a scrambling sequencerelated to the second SCI (i.e., 2^(nd) SCI) that is piggybacked on thePSSCH and transmitted.

For example, the UE may use some bits of the PSCCH CRC (e.g., 16-bitleast significant bit (LSB)) as an input parameter for generating aPSSCH and/or PSCCH scrambling sequence, and may use 16-bit (e.g., 16-bitmost significant bit (MSB)) including the remaining PSCCH CRC bits as aninput parameter for generating a scrambling sequence related to thesecond SCI.

For example, the UE may generate a PSFCH sequence based on Equation 5below.

x(l·N _(sc) ^(RB) +n)=r _(u,v) ^((α,δ))(n)  [Equation 5]

For example, r_(u,v) ^((α,ζ))(n) may be a Low-PAPR sequence. Forexample, u may be a sequence group. For example, v may be a sequencenumber. For example, a may be a cyclic shift value. For example, N^(RB)_(sc) may be the number of subcarriers per a resource block. Forexample, 1 and (may be constants. For example, 1 may be differentaccording to the number of symbols allocated to PSFCH transmission. Forexample, if there is one symbol allocated to PSFCH transmission, thevalue of 1 may be 0. For example, if there are two symbols allocated toPSFCH transmission, the value of 1 may be 1. For example, ζ may be aconstant. For example, ζ may be different according to the PSFCH format.For example, n may be {0, 1, . . . , N^(RB) _(sc)−1}.

For example, the UE may configure the u and/or the v differentlyaccording to a group/sequence hopping mode. For example, thegroup/sequence hopping mode may be signaled from a higher layer to theUE through a parameter. For example, the group/sequence hopping mode mayinclude Neither mode, Enabled mode, and Disabled mode. For example, ifthe group/sequence hopping mode is the Enabled mode, the UE maydetermine the u based on the following Equations 6 to 8, and maydetermine the v as 0.

u=(f _(gh) +f _(ss))mod 30  [Equation 6]

f _(gh)=(Σ_(m=0) ⁷2^(m) c(8(2n _(s,f) ^(μ) +n _(hop))+m))mod30  [Equation 7]

f _(ss) =n _(ID) mod 30  [Equation 8]

For example, n^(u) _(s,f) may be a slot number in a radio frame. Forexample, n_(hop) may be a frequency hopping index. For example, n_(ID)may be a hopping ID. For example, the n_(ID) may be signaled to the UEfrom a higher layer.

For example, the UE may determine n_(ID) based on an L1-source ID and anL1-destination ID. For example, the UE may concatenate X bit LSB ofL1-destination ID to 10−X bit LSB of L1-source ID.

For example, the UE may determine a according to cyclic shift hopping.For example, the UE may determine a based on Equations 9 and 10 below.

$\begin{matrix}{\alpha_{l} = {\frac{2\pi}{N_{sc}^{RB}}\left( {\left( {m_{0} + m_{cs} + {n_{cs}\left( {n_{s,f}^{\mu},{l + l^{\prime}}} \right)}} \right){mod}N_{sc}^{RB}} \right)}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}9} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix}{{n_{cs}\left( {n_{s,f^{\prime}}^{\mu}l} \right)} = {\sum_{m = 0}^{7}{2^{m}{c\left( {{8N_{symb}^{slot}n_{s,f}^{\mu}} + {8l} + m} \right)}}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}10} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, n^(u) _(s,f) may be a slot number in a radio frame. Forexample, n_(hop) may be a frequency hopping index. For example, N^(RB)_(sc) may be the number of subcarriers per a resource block. Forexample, n_(ID) may be signaled to the UE from a higher layer. Forexample, 1 may be an OFDM symbol number. For example, l′ may be an indexof an OFDM symbol. For example, m₀ may be an initial cyclic shift togenerate a sequence.

For example, the UE may determine m₀ based on the PSFCH resource index.For example, the UE may implicitly determine m₀ based on the PSFCHresource index. For example, different PSFCH resources may havedifferent pairs of m₀ and resource block indexes. That is, for example,since different pairs of m₀ and resource block indexes are provided, theUE may implicitly determine m₀ based on the PSFCH resource index.

For example, m_(CS) may be a sequence cyclic shift value. For example,the m_(CS) may be different according to the HARQ-ACK value as shown inTables 6 and 7 below.

TABLE 6 HARQ-ACK Value 0 1 Sequence cyclic shift m_(cs) = 0 m_(cs) = 6

TABLE 7 HARQ-ACK Value {0, 0} {0, 1} {1, 1} {1, 0} Sequence cyclic shiftm_(cs) = 0 m_(cs) = 3 m_(cs) = 6 m_(cs) = 9

FIG. 19 shows a method in which a first device generates a sequencerelated to SL information and transmits the SL information to a seconddevice based on the generated sequence, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 19 , in step S1910, the first device may generate asequence related to SL information. For example, the SL information maybe transmitted through a PSSCH and/or a PSCCH. For example, the sequencerelated to the SL information may be a scrambling sequence for thePSSCH. For example, the first device may generate a sequence related toSL based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example,the first device may generate the sequence related to the SL informationbased on the PSCCH CRC bit. In step S1920, the first device may transmitthe SL information to the second device based on the generated sequence.

FIG. 20 shows a method in which a first device generates a sequencerelated to feedback and transmits feedback information to a seconddevice based on the generated sequence, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 20 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 20 , in step S2010, the first device may generate asequence related to feedback. For example, the feedback may include HARQfeedback and/or feedback related to CSI. For example, the feedbackinformation may be transmitted through a PSFCH. For example, thesequence related to the feedback may be a sequence for PSFCH. Forexample, the first device may generate the sequence related to thefeedback based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. Forexample, the first device may generate the sequence related to thefeedback based on an L1-source ID and an L1-destination ID. In stepS2020, the first device may transmit the feedback information to thesecond device based on the generated sequence.

FIG. 21 shows a method for a first device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 21 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 21 , in step S2110, the first device may map a firstsidelink control information (SCI) to a resource related to a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH). In step S2120, the first device maymap, based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phasetracking-reference signal (PT-RS) to a resource related to a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH). In step S2130, the first device may mapa second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mapped among theresource related to the PSSCH. In step S2140, the first device maytransmit, to a second device, the first SCI, the second SCI, and thePT-RS. For example, the second SCI may not be mapped to the resource towhich the PT-RS is mapped.

For example, a resource block (RB) offset related to the PT-RS may be aremainder obtained by dividing the CRC on the PSCCH by an RB unit valuerelated to PT-RS mapping, and the PT-RS may be mapped to the resourcerelated to the PSSCH, based on the RB offset related to the PT-RS and aresource element (RE) offset related to the PT-RS. For example, thePT-RS may be mapped to a first RB after the RB offset from an RB with asmallest index among RBs related to the PSSCH. For example, the PT-RSmay be mapped to a first subcarrier after the RE offset from asubcarrier with a smallest index among subcarriers in the first RB.

For example, the PT-RS may not be mapped to the resource related to thePSCCH. For example, by puncturing the PT-RS, the PT-RS may not be mappedto the resource related to the PSCCH.

For example, the second SCI may be mapped in an ascending order of atime axis index after mapping in an ascending order of a frequency axisindex.

Additionally, for example, the first device may map a channel stateinformation-reference signal (CSI-RS) to the resource related to thePSSCH, and the first device may transmit the CSI-RS to the seconddevice. For example, the CSI-RS may not be mapped to a symbol to whichthe second SCI is mapped.

Additionally, for example, the first device may map ademodulation-reference signal (DM-RS) to the resource related to thePSSCH, and the first device may transmit the DM-RS to the second device.For example, the second SCI may not be mapped to the resource to whichthe DM-RS is mapped.

For example, a number of antenna ports related to the PT-RS may be thesame as a number of antenna ports related to the DM-RS. For example, anassociation between an antenna port related to the PT-RS and an antennaport related to the DM-RS may be fixed.

For example, the first SCI may include information on a number ofantenna ports related to a DM-RS, and the PT-RS may be mapped to theresource related to the PSSCH based on the number of antenna portsrelated to the DM-RS.

For example, the PT-RS may be mapped to the resource related to thePSSCH based on partial bits of the CRC on the PSCCH.

The proposed method can be applied the device(s) based on variousembodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 102 of thefirst device 100 may map a first sidelink control information (SCI) to aresource related to a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). Inaddition, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may map, based on acyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-referencesignal (PT-RS) to a resource related to a physical sidelink sharedchannel (PSSCH). In addition, the processor 102 of the first device 100may map a second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mappedamong the resource related to the PSSCH. In addition, the processor 102of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to transmit, toa second device, the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS. Forexample, the second SCI may not be mapped to the resource to which thePT-RS is mapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first deviceconfigured to perform wireless communication may be provided. Forexample, the first device may comprise: one or more memories storinginstructions; one or more transceivers; and one or more processorsconnected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers.For example, the one or more processors may execute the instructions to:map a first sidelink control information (SCI) to a resource related toa physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); map, based on a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-reference signal(PT-RS) to a resource related to a physical sidelink shared channel(PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mappedamong the resource related to the PSSCH; and transmit, to a seconddevice, the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS. For example, thesecond SCI may not be mapped to the resource to which the PT-RS ismapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatusconfigured to control a first user equipment (UE) may be provided. Forexample, the apparatus may comprise: one or more processors; and one ormore memories operably connected to the one or more processors andstoring instructions. For example, the one or more processors mayexecute the instructions to: map a first sidelink control information(SCI) to a resource related to a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH); map, based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, aphase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS) to a resource related to aphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resourceto which the PT-RS is not mapped among the resource related to thePSSCH; and transmit, to a second UE, the first SCI, the second SCI, andthe PT-RS. For example, the second SCI may not be mapped to the resourceto which the PT-RS is mapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided.For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first deviceto: map a first sidelink control information (SCI) to a resource relatedto a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); map, based on a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-reference signal(PT-RS) to a resource related to a physical sidelink shared channel(PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mappedamong the resource related to the PSSCH; and transmit, to a seconddevice, the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS. For example, thesecond SCI may not be mapped to the resource to which the PT-RS ismapped.

FIG. 22 shows a method for a second device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 22 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 22 , in step S2210, the second device may receive,from a first device, a first sidelink control information (SCI), asecond SCI and a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS). For example,the first SCI may be mapped to a resource related to a physical sidelinkcontrol channel (PSCCH), and the PT-RS may be mapped to a resourcerelated to a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) based on a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, and the second SCI may be mapped toa resource to which the PT-RS is not mapped among the resource relatedto the PSSCH, and the second SCI may not be mapped to the resource towhich the PT-RS is mapped.

The proposed method can be applied to the device(s) based on variousembodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 202 of thesecond device 200 may control the transceiver 206 to receive, from afirst device, a first sidelink control information (SCI), a second SCIand a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS). For example, the firstSCI may be mapped to a resource related to a physical sidelink controlchannel (PSCCH), and the PT-RS may be mapped to a resource related to aphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) based on a cyclic redundancycheck (CRC) on the PSCCH, and the second SCI may be mapped to a resourceto which the PT-RS is not mapped among the resource related to thePSSCH, and the second SCI may not be mapped to the resource to which thePT-RS is mapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second deviceconfigured to perform wireless communication may be provided. Forexample, the second device may comprise: one or more memories storinginstructions; one or more transceivers; and one or more processorsconnected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers.For example, the one or more processors may execute the instructions to:receive, from a first device, a first sidelink control information(SCI), a second SCI and a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS). Forexample, the first SCI may be mapped to a resource related to a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH), and the PT-RS may be mapped to aresource related to a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) based ona cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, and the second SCI may bemapped to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mapped among the resourcerelated to the PSSCH, and the second SCI may not be mapped to theresource to which the PT-RS is mapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatusconfigured to control a second user equipment (UE) performing wirelesscommunication may be provided. For example, the apparatus may comprise:one or more processors; and one or more memories operably connected tothe one or more processors and storing instructions. For example, theone or more processors may execute the instructions to: receive, from afirst UE, a first sidelink control information (SCI), a second SCI and aphase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS). For example, the first SCI maybe mapped to a resource related to a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH), and the PT-RS may be mapped to a resource related to a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH) based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)on the PSCCH, and the second SCI may be mapped to a resource to whichthe PT-RS is not mapped among the resource related to the PSSCH, and thesecond SCI may not be mapped to the resource to which the PT-RS ismapped.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided.For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a second deviceto: receive, from a first device, a first sidelink control information(SCI), a second SCI and a phase tracking-reference signal (PT-RS). Forexample, the first SCI may be mapped to a resource related to a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH), and the PT-RS may be mapped to aresource related to a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) based ona cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, and the second SCI may bemapped to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mapped among the resourcerelated to the PSSCH, and the second SCI may not be mapped to theresource to which the PT-RS is mapped.

Hereinafter, device(s) to which various embodiments of the presentdisclosure can be applied will be described.

The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods,and/or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described inthis document may be applied to, without being limited to, a variety offields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with referenceto the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the samereference symbols may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks,software blocks, or functional blocks unless described otherwise.

FIG. 23 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 23 , a communication system 1 to which variousembodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes wirelessdevices, Base Stations (BSs), and a network. Herein, the wirelessdevices represent devices performing communication using Radio AccessTechnology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE))and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices. The wirelessdevices may include, without being limited to, a robot 100 a, vehicles100 b-1 and 100 b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100 c, a hand-helddevice 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device100 f, and an Artificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400. Forexample, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wirelesscommunication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable ofperforming communication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles mayinclude an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR devicemay include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality(MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device(HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, asmartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, adigital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device mayinclude a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatchor a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The homeappliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. TheIoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSsand the network may be implemented as wireless devices and a specificwireless device 200 a may operate as a BS/network node with respect toother wireless devices.

Here, wireless communication technology implemented in wireless devices100 a to 100 f of the present disclosure may include Narrowband Internetof Things for low-power communication in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G. Inthis case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of Low PowerWide Area Network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standardssuch as LTE Cat NB1, and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the namedescribed above. Additionally or alternatively, the wirelesscommunication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100 a to100 f of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-Mtechnology. In this case, as an example, the LTE-M technology may be anexample of the LPWAN and may be called by various names includingenhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC), and the like. For example,the LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least any one of variousstandards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTEnon-Bandwidth Limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine TypeCommunication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the name describedabove. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communicationtechnology implemented in the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f of thepresent disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power WideArea Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee considering the low-powercommunication, and is not limited to the name described above. As anexample, the ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PAN)related to small/low-power digital communication based on variousstandards including IEEE 802.15.4, and the like, and may be called byvarious names.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g.,NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f maycommunicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, thewireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication (e.g.,sidelink communication) with each other without passing through theBSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may performdirect communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, or 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f/BS 200, or BS200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may beestablished through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlinkcommunication 150 a, sidelink communication 150 b (or, D2Dcommunication), or inter BS communication (e.g., relay, IntegratedAccess Backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wirelessdevices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other throughthe wireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b may transmit/receivesignals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a partof various configuration information configuring processes, varioussignal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resourceallocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may beperformed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.

FIG. 24 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 24 , a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g.,LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the secondwireless device 200} may correspond to {the wireless device 100 x andthe BS 200} and/or {the wireless device 100 x and the wireless device100 x} of FIG. 23 .

The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may beconfigured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the first information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive radio signalsincluding second information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the secondinformation/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may beconnected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example, thememory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with RadioFrequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless devicemay represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one ormore transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s)202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and maybe configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the third information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive radio signalsincluding fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the fourthinformation/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may beconnected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example, thememory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RFunit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP,RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate oneor more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit(SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, controlinformation, data, or information according to the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide thegenerated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., basebandsignals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire thePDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or informationaccording to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more DigitalSignal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices(DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or moreField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmwareor software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, orfunctions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as tobe driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or softwarein the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-OnlyMemories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methodsand/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data,control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or moreother devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 maybe connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit andreceive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one ormore other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may performcontrol so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, or radio signals from one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected tothe one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one ormore antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennasmay be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logicalantennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signalsinto baseband signals in order to process received user data, controlinformation, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 mayconvert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc.processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the baseband signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/orfilters.

FIG. 25 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 25 , a signal processing circuit 1000 may includescramblers 1010, modulators 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040,resource mappers 1050, and signal generators 1060. An operation/functionof FIG. 25 may be performed, without being limited to, the processors102 and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 24 . Hardwareelements of FIG. 25 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 24 . For example, blocks1010 to 1060 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 24. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented by theprocessors 102 and 202 of FIG. 24 and the block 1060 may be implementedby the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 24 .

Codewords may be converted into radio signals via the signal processingcircuit 1000 of FIG. 25 . Herein, the codewords are encoded bitsequences of information blocks. The information blocks may includetransport blocks (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transportblock). The radio signals may be transmitted through various physicalchannels (e.g., a PUSCH and a PDSCH).

Specifically, the codewords may be converted into scrambled bitsequences by the scramblers 1010. Scramble sequences used for scramblingmay be generated based on an initialization value, and theinitialization value may include ID information of a wireless device.The scrambled bit sequences may be modulated to modulation symbolsequences by the modulators 1020. A modulation scheme may includepi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying(m-PSK), and m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM). Complexmodulation symbol sequences may be mapped to one or more transportlayers by the layer mapper 1030. Modulation symbols of each transportlayer may be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by theprecoder 1040. Outputs z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained bymultiplying outputs y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precodingmatrix W. Herein, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the numberof transport layers. The precoder 1040 may perform precoding afterperforming transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulationsymbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding withoutperforming transform precoding.

The resource mappers 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antennaport to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources mayinclude a plurality of symbols (e.g., a CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMAsymbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in thefrequency domain. The signal generators 1060 may generate radio signalsfrom the mapped modulation symbols and the generated radio signals maybe transmitted to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose,the signal generators 1060 may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform(IFFT) modules, Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserters, Digital-to-AnalogConverters (DACs), and frequency up-converters.

Signal processing procedures for a signal received in the wirelessdevice may be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processingprocedures 1010 to 1060 of FIG. 25 . For example, the wireless devices(e.g., 100 and 200 of FIG. 24 ) may receive radio signals from theexterior through the antenna ports/transceivers. The received radiosignals may be converted into baseband signals through signal restorers.To this end, the signal restorers may include frequency downlinkconverters, Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), CP remover, and FastFourier Transform (FFT) modules. Next, the baseband signals may berestored to codewords through a resource demapping procedure, apostcoding procedure, a demodulation processor, and a descramblingprocedure. The codewords may be restored to original information blocksthrough decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (notillustrated) for a reception signal may include signal restorers,resource demappers, a postcoder, demodulators, descramblers, anddecoders.

FIG. 26 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may beimplemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer toFIG. 23 ).

Referring to FIG. 26 , wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond tothe wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 24 and may be configured byvarious elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. Forexample, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include acommunication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, andadditional components 140. The communication unit may include acommunication circuit 112 and transceiver(s) 114. For example, thecommunication circuit 112 may include the one or more processors 102 and202 and/or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 24 . Forexample, the transceiver(s) 114 may include the one or more transceivers106 and 206 and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 24 . Thecontrol unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140 and controlsoverall operation of the wireless devices. For example, the control unit120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of the wireless devicebased on programs/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit130. The control unit 120 may transmit the information stored in thememory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) viathe communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store,in the memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wiredinterface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may beimplemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100 aof FIG. 23 ), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 23 ), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 23 ), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 23 ),the home appliance (100 e of FIG. 23 ), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 23), a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safetydevice, an MTC device, a medicine device, a fintech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 23 ), the BSs (200 of FIG. 23 ), a networknode, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed placeaccording to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 26 , the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component,unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 mayfurther include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication controlprocessor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), agraphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. As anotherexample, the memory 130 may be configured by a Random Access Memory(RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM)), a flash memory,a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.

Hereinafter, an example of implementing FIG. 26 will be described indetail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 27 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, awearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), or a portablecomputer (e.g., a notebook). The hand-held device may be referred to asa mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station(MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or aWireless Terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 27 , a hand-held device 100 may include an antennaunit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit130, a power supply unit 140 a, an interface unit 140 b, and an I/O unit140 c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of thecommunication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 c correspond tothe blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 26 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Thecontrol unit 120 may perform various operations by controllingconstituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may storedata/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-helddevice 100. The memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information.The power supply unit 140 a may supply power to the hand-held device 100and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. Theinterface unit 140 b may support connection of the hand-held device 100to other external devices. The interface unit 140 b may include variousports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection withexternal devices. The I/O unit 140 c may input or output videoinformation/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or informationinput by a user. The I/O unit 140 c may include a camera, a microphone,a user input unit, a display unit 140 d, a speaker, and/or a hapticmodule.

As an example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140 c mayacquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video)input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored inthe memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert theinformation/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmitthe converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to aBS. The communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from otherwireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signalsinto original information/signals. The restored information/signals maybe stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types(e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.

FIG. 28 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may beimplemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned AerialVehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

Referring to FIG. 28 , a vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may includean antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, adriving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit 140 c, andan autonomous driving unit 140 d. The antenna unit 108 may be configuredas a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110/130/140 a to 140d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 26 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from external devices such as othervehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The controlunit 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may includean Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit 140 a may cause thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 to drive on a road. The drivingunit 140 a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, a wheel, abrake, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140 b may supplypower to the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 and include awired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140 cmay acquire a vehicle state, ambient environment information, userinformation, etc. The sensor unit 140 c may include an InertialMeasurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, aspeed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, aposition module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, afuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, ahumidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedalposition sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140 d may implementtechnology for maintaining a lane on which a vehicle is driving,technology for automatically adjusting speed, such as adaptive cruisecontrol, technology for autonomously driving along a determined path,technology for driving by automatically setting a path if a destinationis set, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficinformation data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving planfrom the obtained data. The control unit 120 may control the drivingunit 140 a such that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 may movealong the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g.,speed/direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, thecommunication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically acquire recenttraffic information data from the external server and acquiresurrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In themiddle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehiclestate and/or surrounding environment information. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may update the autonomous driving path and the driving planbased on the newly obtained data/information. The communication unit 110may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomousdriving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server. Theexternal server may predict traffic information data using AItechnology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles orautonomous vehicles and provide the predicted traffic information datato the vehicles or the autonomous vehicles.

Claims in the present description can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present descriptioncan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod.

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, themethod comprising: mapping a first sidelink control information (SCI) toa resource related to a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH);mapping, based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phasetracking-reference signal (PT-RS) to a resource related to a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH); mapping a second SCI to a resource towhich the PT-RS is not mapped among the resource related to the PSSCH;and transmitting, to a second device, the first SCI, the second SCI, andthe PT-RS, wherein the second SCI is not mapped to the resource to whichthe PT-RS is mapped.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a resource block(RB) offset related to the PT-RS is a remainder obtained by dividing theCRC on the PSCCH by an RB unit value related to PT-RS mapping, andwherein the PT-RS is mapped to the resource related to the PSSCH, basedon the RB offset related to the PT-RS and a resource element (RE) offsetrelated to the PT-RS.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the PT-RS ismapped to a first RB after the RB offset from an RB with a smallestindex among RBs related to the PSSCH.
 4. The method of claim 3, whereinthe PT-RS is mapped to a first subcarrier after the RE offset from asubcarrier with a smallest index among subcarriers in the first RB. 5.The method of claim 1, wherein the PT-RS is not mapped to the resourcerelated to the PSCCH.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein, by puncturingthe PT-RS, the PT-RS is not mapped to the resource related to the PSCCH.7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second SCI is mapped in anascending order of a time axis index after mapping in an ascending orderof a frequency axis index.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:mapping a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) to theresource related to the PSSCH; and transmitting the CSI-RS to the seconddevice, wherein the CSI-RS is not mapped to a symbol to which the secondSCI is mapped.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: mapping ademodulation-reference signal (DM-RS) to the resource related to thePSSCH; and transmitting the DM-RS to the second device, wherein thesecond SCI is not mapped to the resource to which the DM-RS is mapped.10. The method of claim 1, wherein a number of antenna ports related tothe PT-RS is a same as a number of antenna ports related to a DM-RS. 11.The method of claim 10, wherein an association between an antenna portrelated to the PT-RS and an antenna port related to the DM-RS is fixed.12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first SCI includes informationregarding a number of antenna ports related to a DM-RS, and wherein thePT-RS is mapped to the resource related to the PSSCH based on the numberof antenna ports related to the DM-RS.
 13. The method of claim 1,wherein the PT-RS is mapped to the resource related to the PSSCH basedon partial bits of the CRC on the PSCCH.
 14. A first device configuredto perform wireless communication, the first device comprising: one ormore memories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; and one ormore processors connected to the one or more memories and the one ormore transceivers, wherein the one or more processors execute theinstructions to: map a first sidelink control information (SCI) to aresource related to a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); map,based on a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phasetracking-reference signal (PT-RS) to a resource related to a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resource to whichthe PT-RS is not mapped among the resource related to the PSSCH; andtransmit, to a second device, the first SCI, the second SCI, and thePT-RS, wherein the second SCI is not mapped to the resource to which thePT-RS is mapped.
 15. An apparatus configured to control a first userequipment (UE) performing wireless communication, the apparatuscomprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories operablyconnected to the one or more processors and storing instructions,wherein the one or more processors execute the instructions to: map afirst sidelink control information (SCI) to a resource related to aphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); map, based on a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) on the PSCCH, a phase tracking-reference signal(PT-RS) to a resource related to a physical sidelink shared channel(PSSCH); map a second SCI to a resource to which the PT-RS is not mappedamong the resource related to the PSSCH; and transmit, to a second UE,the first SCI, the second SCI, and the PT-RS, wherein the second SCI isnot mapped to the resource to which the PT-RS is mapped. 16-20.(canceled)
 21. The first device of claim 14, wherein a resource block(RB) offset related to the PT-RS is a remainder obtained by dividing theCRC on the PSCCH by an RB unit value related to PT-RS mapping, andwherein the PT-RS is mapped to the resource related to the PSSCH, basedon the RB offset related to the PT-RS and a resource element (RE) offsetrelated to the PT-RS.
 22. The first device of claim 21, wherein thePT-RS is mapped to a first RB after the RB offset from an RB with asmallest index among RBs related to the PSSCH.
 23. The first device ofclaim 22, wherein the PT-RS is mapped to a first subcarrier after the REoffset from a subcarrier with a smallest index among subcarriers in thefirst RB.
 24. The first device of claim 14, wherein the PT-RS is notmapped to the resource related to the PSCCH.
 25. The first device ofclaim 24, wherein, by puncturing the PT-RS, the PT-RS is not mapped tothe resource related to the PSCCH.